Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koža

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/koža

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *koza (“goat”) +‎ *-ja.

Noun

*kòža f[1][2]

1. skin
2. leather

Declension

Declension of *kòža (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*kòža	*kòži	*kòžę̇
Accusative	*kòžǫ	*kòži	*kòžę̇
Genitive	*kòžę̇	*kòžu	*kòžь
Locative	*kòži	*kòžu	*kòžasъ, *kòžaxъ*
Dative	*kòži	*kòžama	*kòžamъ
Instrumental	*kòžejǫ, *kòžǫ**	*kòžama	*kòžamī
Vocative	*kože	*kòži	*kòžę̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: кожа (koža)
    • Belarusian: ко́жа (kóža)
    • Russian: ко́жа (kóža)
    • Ukrainian: ко́жа (kóža)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: кожа (koža)

    Glagolitic: ⰽⱁⰶⰰ (koža)

  • Bulgarian: ко́жа (kóža)
  • Macedonian: ко́жа (kóža)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: ко̏жа

    Latin: kȍža

  • Slovene: kọ́ža (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: kóžě
    • Czech: kůže
      • Moravian (Mistřice): koža
  • Old Polish: koża
    • ⇒ Polish: kożuch
  • Slovak: koža
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: koža
    • Lower Sorbian: kóža

Non-Slavic:

• → Byzantine Greek: Κοζάνη (Kozánē)
  • Greek: Κοζάνη (Kozáni)
• → Aromanian: coaji
• → Megleno-Romanian: coajă
• → Romanian: coajă

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кожа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*koža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma / *kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 35

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kòža”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 242: “f. jā (b) ‘skin, leather’”
2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “kozja kozjě”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b* (SA 138; PR 135; MP 19)”