< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kotъka
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Originally a diminutive form of *kòtъ (“cat”) + *-ъka (“diminutive suffix”).
Noun
*kòtъka f
- feminine of *kotъ (“cat”)
- Synonym: *mačьka
Declension
Declension of *kotъka (hard a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *kotъka | *kotъcě | *kotъky |
Accusative | *kotъkǫ | *kotъcě | *kotъky |
Genitive | *kotъky | *kotъku | *kotъkъ |
Locative | *kotъcě | *kotъku | *kotъkasъ, *kotъkaxъ* |
Dative | *kotъcě | *kotъkama | *kotъkamъ |
Instrumental | *kotъkojǫ, *kotъkǫ** | *kotъkama | *kotъkami |
Vocative | *kotъko | *kotъcě | *kotъky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *kotica, *koťьka (“female cat”)
- *kotę (“pussycat”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ко́тъка (kótŭka)
- Old Ruthenian: ко́тка (kótka)
- Belarusian: ко́тка (kótka) (regional)
- Rusyn: ко́тка (kótka) (regional)
- Ukrainian: кі́тка (kítka)
- Old Ruthenian: ко́тка (kótka)
- Old East Slavic: ко́тъка (kótŭka)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: котъка (kotŭka)
- Glagolitic: ⰽⱁⱅⱏⰽⰰ (kotŭka)
- Bulgarian: ко́тка (kótka)
- Macedonian: котка (kotka) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: котка (archaic, rare)
- Latin: kotka (archaic, rare)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kotka
- Old Polish: kotka
- Polish: kotka; ku̯etka (dialectal)
- Slovincian: kʉ̀ɵ̯tk, kᵘ̯otka, kotka
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*kotъka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 212
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “котка¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 676
Etymology 2
From *koty (“anchor”) + *-ъka (“diminutive suffix”).
Noun
*kòtъka f
- Alternative form of *koty (“anchor”)
- (by extension) pulley, roll
Declension
Declension of *kotъka (hard a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *kotъka | *kotъcě | *kotъky |
Accusative | *kotъkǫ | *kotъcě | *kotъky |
Genitive | *kotъky | *kotъku | *kotъkъ |
Locative | *kotъcě | *kotъku | *kotъkasъ, *kotъkaxъ* |
Dative | *kotъcě | *kotъkama | *kotъkamъ |
Instrumental | *kotъkojǫ, *kotъkǫ** | *kotъkama | *kotъkami |
Vocative | *kotъko | *kotъcě | *kotъky |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *kotiti (“to roll, to tong”)
- *kotъkъ (“roller”)
- *kotučь (“roller, wheel”), *katučьka (“cart”)
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: котъка (kotŭka)
- Glagolitic: ⰽⱁⱅⱏⰽⰰ (kotŭka)
- Bulgarian: ко́тка (kótka) (dialectal)
- → Old East Slavic: котъка (kotŭka, “anchor”)
- Russian: ко́тка (kótka)
- Macedonian: котка (kotka) (dialectal)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- → Albanian: kotkë (“bundle, curl”)
- → Aromanian: cotcă (“pulley”)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ко́тка”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “котка³”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 676