< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klěšča
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *k(ʷ)loyḱ-t-yeh₂, from *k(ʷ)leyḱ-. Cognates include Lithuanian klìšė (“crab's pincer”).
Noun
*klěšča f[1]
- claw, pincer
Declension
Declension of *klěšča (soft a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *klěšča | *klěšči | *klěščę̇ |
| Accusative | *klěščǫ | *klěšči | *klěščę̇ |
| Genitive | *klěščę̇ | *klěšču | *klěščь |
| Locative | *klěšči | *klěšču | *klěščasъ, *klěščaxъ* |
| Dative | *klěšči | *klěščama | *klěščamъ |
| Instrumental | *klěščejǫ, *klěščǫ** | *klěščama | *klěščami |
| Vocative | *klěšče | *klěšči | *klěščę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *klěščica
- *klěščina
- *klěščiti
- *klěščьna
Related terms
- *klěščь
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: клеща (klešča)
- Belarusian: клешчы pl (klješčy)
- Russian: кле́щи pl (kléšči)
- Ukrainian: кліщі́ pl (kliščí)
- Old East Slavic: клеща (klešča)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: клещи pl (klešti)
- Macedonian: клешти pl (klešti)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: клије́шта n pl, кле́шта n pl
- Latin: klijéšta n pl, kléšta n pl
- Chakavian (Novi): kļíšća n pl
- Chakavian (Orbanići): klᶦẽšća n pl
- Chakavian (Vrgada): klĩšćå n pl
- Slovene: kléšče pl
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kléščě f pl
- Czech: kleště f pl
- Polabian: klestă pl
- Polish: kleszcze pl
- Slovak: kliešte pl
- Slovincian: klė́i̯ščä pl
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: klěšće pl
- Upper Sorbian: klěšće pl
- Old Czech: kléščě f pl
- → Aromanian: cleashti
- → Romanian: clește
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klěšči мн./*klěšča”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 20
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кле́щи́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*klěšča”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 224: “f. jā ‘claw, pincer’”