Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klonъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Akin to Lithuanian klãnas (“puddle, depression”), klõnis (“vale”), dial. Latvian klans (“meadow, puddle”), possibly inherited from common Proto-Balto-Slavic *klánas (“bend, fold”) (met with slight reservation by Trubačev). Further origin perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel- (“to crook”), however, compare also Proto-Slavic *slonъ (“offset, protrusion”), considered a doublet by Mladenov (evincing for possibe dialectal variation *kl- ~ *ḱl-).
Noun
*klònъ m[1]
- slope, slant, tilt
- Synonyms: *katъ, *gybъ, *krivina
Declension
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *klònъ | *klonà | *klonì |
Accusative | *klònъ | *klonà | *klonỳ |
Genitive | *klonà | *klonù | *klònъ |
Locative | *kloně̀ | *klonù | *klòněxъ |
Dative | *klonù | *klonòma | *klonòmъ |
Instrumental | *klonъ̀mь, *klonòmь* | *klonòma | *klòny |
Vocative | *klone | *klonà | *klonì |
Derived terms
- *kloniti (“to slant, to lean, to verge”), *kloniti sę (“to bow”)
- *naklonъ (“gradient, inclination”)
- *otъklonъ, *orzklonъ (“deviation, divergence”)
- *perklonъ, *poklonъ, *priklonъ (“bow, kneeling”)
- *sъklonъ (“slope, acclivity”)
- *uklonъ (“inclination”)
- *zaklonъ (“covert”)
Related terms
- *klęti (“to curse”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: клон (klon) (dialectal)
- Russian: клон (klon) (in North-Eastern dialects (Vologda, Arkhangelsk))
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: клон (klon, “proclivity”) (dialectal, attested in folk songs)
- Slovene: klòn (“inclination”) (dialectal)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: klon (“bend, fold; proclivity; cell”) (dialectal)
- Polish: kłon (“bow”) (dialectal)
- Sorbian:
- ⇒ Lower Sorbian: kłonk (“cell, case”)
- ⇒ Upper Sorbian: kłónk (“cell”)
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klonъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 68
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “клон²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 464
- “klanas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kloniti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “iz *klonъ̏ ‛krivina’”
Etymology 2
Per Mladenov, Skok, Vasmer: related to Etymology 1, probably postverbal from Proto-Slavic *kloniti (“to diverge, to arch outwards”). Has been also compared to Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”), but per Trubačev (ESSJa) borrowing is unlikely.
Noun
*klonъ m
- branch, twig
- Synonyms: *grana, *větvь, *rozga, *galǫzь
Declension
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *klonъ | *klona | *kloni |
Accusative | *klonъ | *klona | *klony |
Genitive | *klona | *klonu | *klonъ |
Locative | *kloně | *klonu | *kloněxъ |
Dative | *klonu | *klonoma | *klonomъ |
Instrumental | *klonъmь, *klonomь* | *klonoma | *klony |
Vocative | *klone | *klona | *kloni |
Derived terms
- *kloniti sę (“to branch off, to furcate (for twigs)”)
- *klonъka, *klonьcь (diminutive)
- *klonikъ (“bough”)
- *kloňakъ, *klonьje (“branching, cluster of twigs”) (collective)
- *kloněstъ, *klonovatъ (“twigy”)
Related terms
- *klenъ (“maple”) (possibly)
- *klęčь (“wand, stick”)(possibly)
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: клон (klon)
- >? Macedonian: клон (klon, “filial”) (could be borrowed from Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn))
- West Slavic:
- Czech: klon (dialectal)
- ⇒ Czech: kloník (“bough”) (dialectal)
- Czech: klon (dialectal)
Further reading
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “клон¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 464