< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klepati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Often viewed as expressive or onomatopoeic in nature, from Proto-Indo-European *klep- (“to clap, to steal”). Compare Proto-Germanic *klappōną and its descendants.
Verb
*klepàti impf (perfective *klepnǫti)[1][2]
- to knock, to clap
- → to rivet (metals)
- → to wink, to blink
- → to shut/open a valve
- to allude, to hint
- to accuse
Inflection
Conjugation of *klepati, *klepa, *klepľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *klepanьje | *klepati | *klepatъ | *klepalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *klepanъ | *klepľemъ |
| Active | *klepavъ | *klepľę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *klepaxъ | *klepa | *klepa | *klepľǫ | *klepľeši | *klepľetь |
| Dual | *klepaxově | *klepasta | *klepaste | *klepľevě | *klepľeta | *klepľete |
| Plural | *klepaxomъ | *klepaste | *klepašę | *klepľemъ | *klepľete | *klepľǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *klepaaxъ | *klepaaše | *klepaaše | — | *klepľi | *klepľi |
| Dual | *klepaaxově | *klepaašeta | *klepaašete | *klepľivě | *klepľita | — |
| Plural | *klepaaxomъ | *klepaašete | *klepaaxǫ | *klepľimъ | *klepľite | — |
Related terms
- *klepiti (“to slam”)
- *klopiti (“to trap”)
- *klepъ (“clap, signal”)
- *klepotъ (“slander”)
- *klepьcь (“lid, wicket”)
- *klepьnъ (“stained”)
Derived terms
- *klepačь (“eyelid”)
- *klepadlo (“rivet”)
- *doklepati (“to accomplish barely, with great hardship”)
- *jьzklepati (“to carve up”)
- *naklepati (“to get a smudge”)
- *oklepati (“to stain”)
- *priklepati (“to chain together”)
- *sъklepati (“to come across”)
- *uklepati (“to spoil”)
- *zaklepati (“to knock up”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: клепа́ць (kljepácʹ)
- Russian: клепа́ть (klepátʹ)
- Ukrainian: клепа́ти (klepáty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: клепати (klepati)
- ⇒ Romanian: clipi (“to blink”)
- Bulgarian: кле́пя (klépja), кле́пам (klépam)
- Macedonian: клепа (klepa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: клѐпати
- Latin: klèpati
- Slovene: klepáti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic: клепати (klepati)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: klepat
- Polish: klepać
- Slovak: klepať
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: klepaś
- Upper Sorbian: klepać
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “клепать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klepati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 10 (*klepačь – *konь), Moscow: Nauka, page 07
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “клепя¹, клепеш”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 437
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “klepati: klepjǫ klepjetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b banke (SA 210; PR 136)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “klepáti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*klepa̋ti”