< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kaziti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Most likely a causative of the root found in *čèznǫti (“to disappear”).
Verb
*kazìti impf[1][2]
- to ruin
Inflection
Conjugation of *kaziti, *kazi, *kazitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kaženьje | *kaziti | *kazitъ | *kazilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kaženъ | *kazimъ |
| Active | *kažь | *kazę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kazixъ | *kazi | *kazi | *kažǫ | *kaziši | *kazitь |
| Dual | *kazixově | *kazista | *kaziste | *kazivě | *kazita | *kazite |
| Plural | *kazixomъ | *kaziste | *kazišę | *kazimъ | *kazite | *kazętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kažaaxъ | *kažaaše | *kažaaše | — | *kazi | *kazi |
| Dual | *kažaaxově | *kažaašeta | *kažaašete | *kazivě | *kazita | — |
| Plural | *kažaaxomъ | *kažaašete | *kažaaxǫ | *kazimъ | *kazite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*kazivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *čèznǫti (“to disappear”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: казитися (kazitisja) (12th century)
- Belarusian: ка́зіць (kázicʹ)
- Russian: кази́ть (kazítʹ) (archaic or dialectal)
- Ukrainian: кази́ти (kazýty), кази́тися (kazýtysja)
- Old East Slavic: казитися (kazitisja) (12th century)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: казити (kaziti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: кази́ти (dialectal); (нака́зити)
- Latin: kazíti (dialectal); (nakáziti)
- Slovene: kazīti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kazit
- Old Polish: kazić
- Slovak: kaziť
- Slovincian: kãzĕc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: kazyć
- Lower Sorbian: kazyś
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kaziti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 171
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кази́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kazìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 222: “v. ‘ruin’ (c)”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kaziti: kazjǫ kazitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c beskadige (PR 140)”