< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kadь
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably borrowed from Ancient Greek κάδιον (kádion), a diminutive form of Ancient Greek κάδος (kádos, “bucket, jar”), of Semitic origin. Also borrowed in Latin cadus (“bottle, jar”), whence English cade.
Maček, Miklošič, and Trubachev do not exclude a native origin due to the slight semantic difference from the Greek term and also because of (sparse) evidence for alternative ū-stem forms such as dialectal Russian ка́довь (kádovʹ, “cask”) (generalized from gen. of Proto-Slavic *kady). Possible origin (per Machek) from Proto-Indo-European *kādʰ- (“convex shape”), with hypothetical cognate Ancient Greek κηθίς (kēthís, “urn”).
Noun
kȃdь f[1]
- cask, vat
- Synonym: *bъči
Alternative forms
- *kady (ū-stem)
- *kada, *kaďa (a/ja-stem)
Inflection
Declension of *kadь (i-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kadь | *kadi | *kadi |
| Accusative | *kadь | *kadi | *kadi |
| Genitive | *kadi | *kadьju, *kaďu* | *kadьjь, *kadi* |
| Locative | *kadi | *kadьju, *kaďu* | *kadьxъ |
| Dative | *kadi | *kadьma | *kadьmъ |
| Instrumental | *kadьjǫ, *kaďǫ* | *kadьma | *kadьmi |
| Vocative | *kadi | *kadi | *kadi |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *kadьca, *kadъka (diminutive)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: кадзь (kadzʹ), ка́дка (kádka)
- Russian: кадь (kadʹ) (dialectal), ка́дка (kádka, “tub”)
- Ukrainian: кадь (kadʹ, “measure of volume”) (historical)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: кадь (kadĭ)
- Glagolitic: ⰽⰰⰴⱐ (kadĭ)
- Bulgarian: кад (kad) (dialectal), ка́ца (káca)
- Macedonian: каца (kaca)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ка́да
- Latin: káda
- Slovene: kȁd (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kád, kádcě
- Czech: káď
- Polish: kadź
- Slovak: kaďa
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: kadź
- Lower Sorbian: kaź
- Old Czech: kád, kádcě
- Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: kád
- → Romanian: cadă (possibly, alternatively from Latin cadus)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кадь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kadь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 112
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “кад²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 128
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kad”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *kȃdь”