< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kaditi
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- Per Derksen, unclear. Derksen reconstructs a putative Proto-Indo-European form *kōd- or *kʷōd- based on Slavic evidence alone.
- Vasmer suggests as cognates Old Prussian accodis (“chimney”), as well as possibly Lithuanian kadagỹs (“juniper”), Old Prussian kadegis (“juniper”), Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros, “cedar”), Albanian ḱem (“soot”), but other origins are also suggested for these words (e.g. the Baltic words may be borrowed from Finno-Ugric).
Verb
*kadìti impf[1][2][3]
- to burn incense
Inflection
Conjugation of *kaditi, *kadi, *kaditь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kaďenьje | *kaditi | *kaditъ | *kadilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kaďenъ | *kadimъ |
| Active | *kaďь | *kadę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kadixъ | *kadi | *kadi | *kaďǫ | *kadiši | *kaditь |
| Dual | *kadixově | *kadista | *kadiste | *kadivě | *kadita | *kadite |
| Plural | *kadixomъ | *kadiste | *kadišę | *kadimъ | *kadite | *kadętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kaďaaxъ | *kaďaaše | *kaďaaše | — | *kadi | *kadi |
| Dual | *kaďaaxově | *kaďaašeta | *kaďaašete | *kadivě | *kadita | — |
| Plural | *kaďaaxomъ | *kaďaašete | *kaďaaxǫ | *kadimъ | *kadite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*kadivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *kadìdlo (“incense”)
Related terms
- *čadъ (“smoke, fumes”)
- *čàdjь, *čàdja (“smoke, soot”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: кадити (kaditi) (11th century)
- Belarusian: кадзі́ць (kadzícʹ)
- Russian: кади́ть (kadítʹ)
- Ukrainian: кади́ти (kadýty)
- Old East Slavic: кадити (kaditi) (11th century)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: кадити (kaditi)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: кадя́ (kadjá)
- Macedonian: кади (kadi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ка́дити
- Latin: káditi
- Chakavian (Vrgada): kå̄dȉti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): kādȉt
- Chakavian (Hvar): kōdȉt
- Slovene: kadīti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kadit
- Old Polish: kadzić
- Polish: kadzić
- Slovak: kadiť
- Slovincian: kaʒəc (Lorentz's Pomor. I dictionary)
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: kadźić
- Lower Sorbian: kaźiś
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “кади́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 366
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*kaditi”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 109
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кади́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kadìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 218: “v. (c) ‘burn incense’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kaditi: kadjǫ kaditь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c røge (PR 140)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kadīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kadi̋ti”