< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьzměna
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *jьz- + *měna (“change”).
Noun
*jьzměna f
- change, shift
- treason
Inflection
Declension of *jьzměna (hard a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *jьzměna | *jьzměně | *jьzměny |
Accusative | *jьzměnǫ | *jьzměně | *jьzměny |
Genitive | *jьzměny | *jьzměnu | *jьzměnъ |
Locative | *jьzměně | *jьzměnu | *jьzměnasъ, *jьzměnaxъ* |
Dative | *jьzměně | *jьzměnama | *jьzměnamъ |
Instrumental | *jьzměnojǫ, *jьzměnǫ** | *jьzměnama | *jьzměnami |
Vocative | *jьzměno | *jьzměně | *jьzměny |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: измѣна (izměna)
- Old Ruthenian: змѣ́на (změ́na), измѣ́на (izmě́na)
- Belarusian: зме́на (zmjéna); зьме́на (zʹmjéna) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: змíна (zmína)
- Russian: изме́на (izména)
- Old Ruthenian: змѣ́на (změ́na), измѣ́на (izmě́na)
- Old East Slavic: измѣна (izměna)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Russian Church Slavonic: измѣна (izměna)
- Bulgarian: измя́на (izmjána); изме́на (izména) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: измена (izmena)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: и̏змјена, и̏змена
- Latin: ȉzmjena, ȉzmena
- Slovene: izmȇna (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: změna
- Polish: zmiana
- Slovak: zmena
- Slovincian: zḿana
References
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*jьzměna”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 46