< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/(j)edъva
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
The first element is possibly the same as in *edinъ (see there for more). For *-va, confer Bulgarian дава́ (davá, “probably, perhaps”), furthermore, cognate with Lithuanian võs (“hardly”), vosnevõs (“scarcely”).
Variations with l- possibly contain a particle *le (see еле).
Adverb
*(j)edъva
- barely, scarcely
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- ⇒ Belarusian: ледзь (ljedzʹ), ледзьве (ledzʹve)
- Russian: едва́ (jedvá)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: ледь (ledʹ), ле́две (lédve)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: ѥдва (jedva), ѥдъва (jedŭva)
- Bulgarian: едва́ (edvá)
- Macedonian: едвај (edvaj), одвај (odvaj)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: је̏два
- Latin: jȅdva
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jedva
- Czech: jedva, ledva
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): jedva
- Czech: jedva, ledva
- ⇒ Old Polish: jedwo, ledwo
- Polish: ledwo
- ⇒ Polish: ledwie
- Polish: ledwo
- Slovak: ledva
- Old Czech: jedva
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “едва”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress