Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jara

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jara

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *ěra (Derksen)

Noun

*jara f[1][2]

1. Alternative form of *jaro (“spring”)

Declension

Declension of *jara (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*jara	*jarě	*jary
Accusative	*jarǫ	*jarě	*jary
Genitive	*jary	*jaru	*jarъ
Locative	*jarě	*jaru	*jarasъ, *jaraxъ*
Dative	*jarě	*jarama	*jaramъ
Instrumental	*jarojǫ, *jarǫ**	*jarama	*jarami
Vocative	*jaro	*jarě	*jary

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ꙗра (jara)
• South Slavic:
  • Church Slavonic: ꙗра (jara) (Russian recension)
  • Bulgarian: яра́ (jará); йара (jara) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: јара (jara)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: ја̏ра

    Latin: jȁra

References

1. Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jaro / *jara / *jarъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 175
2. Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “jary I”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN

Further reading

• Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ěro *ěra *ěrъ I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 151