Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъrtanь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

*grъtanь[1]

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to devour”) + *-anь (with hard vocalism *gъr- as in *gъrdlo). Cognate with Lithuanian gerklė̃ (“larynx”), gurklỹs (“crop, neck”), Old Prussian gurcle (“throat”).

Doublet forms such as Middle Russian грыта́нь (grytánʹ), which reflect alternative *grъtanь, probably originate under the influence of Proto-Slavic *glъtati (“to swallow”).

Noun

*gъrtànь f

larynx

Alternative forms

*gъrtanъ m
*gъrtľanъ, *gъrkľanъ m (South Slavic, explained as a fusion between *gъrtanь +‎ *gъrdlo via *-tl- > *-kl-)

Declension

Declension of *gъrtànь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*gъrtànь	*gъrtàni	*gъrtàni
Accusative	*gъrtànь	*gъrtàni	*gъrtàni
Genitive	*gъrtànī	gъrtànьju, gъrtàňu^*	gъrtànьjь, gъrtànī^*
Locative	*gъrtànī	gъrtànьju, gъrtàňu^*	*gъrtànьxъ
Dative	*gъrtàni	*gъrtànьma	*gъrtànьmъ
Instrumental	gъrtànьjǫ, gъrtàňǭ^*	*gъrtànьma	*gъrtànьmī
Vocative	*gъrtani	*gъrtàni	*gъrtàni

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*žerti (“to devour”)
*gъrdlo (“throat”)
*žerdlo (“gorge”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гъртань (gŭrtanĭ)
  - Old Belarusian: горта́нь (hortánʹ)
    - Belarusian: гарта́нь (hartánʹ)
    - Ukrainian: горта́нь (hortánʹ)
  - Russian: горта́нь (gortánʹ), грыта́нь (grytánʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic: грътань (grŭtanĭ)
  Glagolitic: ⰳⱃⱏⱅⰰⱀⱐ (grŭtanĭ)
- Bulgarian: гръкля́н (grǎklján)
- Macedonian: грклан (grklan)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: гр̀кљан, гр̀тљан
  Latin: gr̀kljan, gr̀tljan
- Slovene: grtàn, grlján (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hrtan
  - Czech: hrtan
- Kashubian: grtań (dialectal)
- Polish: krtań
- Silesian: chyrtōń
- Old Slovak: chrtan
  - Slovak: hrtan

Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: gîrtlan, gârclan (dialectal)

References

Olander, Thomas (2001), “grъtanь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъrtanъ/*gъrtanь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 213
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гортань”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “гортань”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “гръклан, гръклян”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 288

[1] Olander, Thomas (2001), “grъtanь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132)”