Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъpanъ

< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъpanъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably an Iranian origin. Borrowed from Scythian, further from Proto-Iranian *gu-pāna-, *gau-pāna- (“cattleguard”), from compound of *gā́wš (“cow”) + *pāna- (“protection, security, guard”).

According to Boryś Sanskrit गोपायति (gopāyati) and गोपा (gopā) are possible cognates. Root for all words to come from Proto-Indo-European *gewp- (“to hide, protect”), Slavic word extended with *-anъ.

Noun

*gъpanъ m

1. (West Slavic) ruler, master

Declension

Declension of *gъpanъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*gъpanъ	*gъpana	*gъpani
Accusative	*gъpanъ	*gъpana	*gъpany
Genitive	*gъpana	*gъpanu	*gъpanъ
Locative	*gъpaně	*gъpanu	*gъpaněxъ
Dative	*gъpanu	*gъpanoma	*gъpanomъ
Instrumental	*gъpanъmь, *gъpanomь*	*gъpanoma	*gъpany
Vocative	*gъpane	*gъpana	*gъpani

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *gъpanьji f
• *gъpanьna f
• *gъpanьskъ
• *gъpanьstvo

Descendants

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hpán, pán
    • Czech: pán, pan
  • Old Polish: pan
    • Polish: pan
      • → Lithuanian: põnas
      • → Yiddish: פּאַן‎ (pan)
    • → Old East Slavic: панъ (panŭ) (dialectal) (13ᵗʰ cent.)
      • Old Ruthenian: панъ (pan), пань (panʹ) (14ᵗʰ cent.)
        • Belarusian: пан (pan)
        • Rusyn: пан (pan)
        • Ukrainian: пан (pan)
        • → Middle Russian: панъ (pan) (16ᵗʰ cent.)
          • Russian: пан (pan)
  • Slovak: pán
  • Slovincian: pȯ́u̯n (gen. sg. pą̃nă)
  • Kashubian: waspón, pón
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: pan
    • Upper Sorbian: pan

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъpanъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 197
• Sławski, Franciszek, editor (2001), “gъpanъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 8 (goda – gyža), Wrocław: National Ossoliński Institute, →ISBN, page 328
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1993), “пан”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volume 8 (не́марач – пая́ць), Minsk: Navuka i technika, →ISBN
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2003), “пан”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 4 (Н – П), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 272
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пан”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “pan”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 410