< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gǫsti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gaustei, from Proto-Indo-European *gowh₂-dʰh₁-y-óti, denominative form of *gewH- (“to call, invoke, cry”).
Verb
*gǫsti impf[1]
- to make a sound, hum, sing
- to weep, wail, howl
- to play an instrument
Conjugation
Conjugation of *gǫsti, *gǫde, *gǫdetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gǫdenьje | *gǫsti | *gǫstъ | *gǫdlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gǫdenъ | *gǫdomъ |
| Active | *gǫdъ | *gǫdy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gǫd(ox)ъ | *gǫde | *gǫde | *gǫdǫ | *gǫdeši | *gǫdetь |
| Dual | *gǫd(ox)ově | *gǫd(e/os)ta | *gǫd(e/os)te | *gǫdevě | *gǫdeta | *gǫdete |
| Plural | *gǫd(ox)omъ | *gǫd(e/os)te | *gǫdǫ, *gǫdošę | *gǫdemъ | *gǫdete | *gǫdǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gǫděaxъ | *gǫděaše | *gǫděaše | — | *gǫdi | *gǫdi |
| Dual | *gǫděaxově | *gǫděašeta | *gǫděašete | *gǫděvě | *gǫděta | — |
| Plural | *gǫděaxomъ | *gǫděašete | *gǫděaxǫ | *gǫděmъ | *gǫděte | — |
Related terms
- *gǫsli
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: густь (gustʹ) (dialectal), густи́ (gustí) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: густи́ (hustý) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: гѫсти (gǫsti)
- Glagolitic: ⰳⱘⱄⱅⰹ (gǫsti)
- Serbo-Croatian: gústi (archaic)
- Slovene: gọ́sti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hústi
- Czech: houst (archaic)
- Old Polish: gąść
- Slovak: húsť
- Old Czech: hústi
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gǫsti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 183: “v. ‘play an instrument’”