< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gubiti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰowbʰ-eye-, causative/iterative of the root *gʰewbʰ-. Compare *gỳbnǫti (“to perish”). Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently; see discussion under *gъbnǫti.
Verb
*gubìti impf[1][2][3]
- to destroy
Inflection
Conjugation of *gubiti, *gubi, *gubitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gubľenьje | *gubiti | *gubitъ | *gubilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gubľenъ | *gubimъ |
| Active | *gubľь | *gubę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gubixъ | *gubi | *gubi | *gubľǫ | *gubiši | *gubitь |
| Dual | *gubixově | *gubista | *gubiste | *gubivě | *gubita | *gubite |
| Plural | *gubixomъ | *gubiste | *gubišę | *gubimъ | *gubite | *gubętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gubľaaxъ | *gubľaaše | *gubľaaše | — | *gubi | *gubi |
| Dual | *gubľaaxově | *gubľaašeta | *gubľaašete | *gubivě | *gubita | — |
| Plural | *gubľaaxomъ | *gubľaašete | *gubľaaxǫ | *gubimъ | *gubite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*gubivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *pogubiti
- *zagubiti
- *jьzgubiti
Related terms
- *gỳbnǫti (“to perish”)
- *gybati (“to perish? to bend? to break?”)
- *gъbnǫti (“to bend”)
- *gъbežь (“bend, joint”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гꙋбити (gubiti) (accent paradigm c)
- Belarusian: губі́ць (hubícʹ)
- Russian: губи́ть (gubítʹ)
- Ukrainian: губи́ти (hubýty)
- Old East Slavic: гꙋбити (gubiti) (accent paradigm c)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: гоубити (gubiti)
- Glagolitic: ⰳⱆⰱⰻⱅⰻ (gubiti)
- Bulgarian: гу́бя (gúbja)
- Macedonian: губи (gubi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гу̀бити
- Latin: gùbiti
- Chakavian (Vrgada): gubȉti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): gūbȉt
- Slovene: gubīti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: hubit
- Polish: gubić
- Slovak: hubiť
- Slovincian: gʉ̃bjĭc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hubić
- Lower Sorbian: gubiś
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “ги́бнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 186
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “губи́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gubiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 166
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gubìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 195: “v. (c) ‘destroy’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gubiti: gubjǫ gubitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c ødelægge (SA 240, 259; PR 139)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “gubīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*gubi̋ti”