< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grǫziti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Causative of the root found in *gręzti (“to sink”). Compare also Lithuanian gramzdė́ti (“to sink”), gramzdýti (“to immerse”), gramzdìnti (“to immerse, to drown”).
Verb
*grǫziti impf[1][2]
- to sink
Inflection
Conjugation of *grǫziti, *grǫzi, *grǫzitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *grǫženьje | *grǫziti | *grǫzitъ | *grǫzilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *grǫženъ | *grǫzimъ |
| Active | *grǫžь | *grǫzę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *grǫzixъ | *grǫzi | *grǫzi | *grǫžǫ | *grǫziši | *grǫzitь |
| Dual | *grǫzixově | *grǫzista | *grǫziste | *grǫzivě | *grǫzita | *grǫzite |
| Plural | *grǫzixomъ | *grǫziste | *grǫzišę | *grǫzimъ | *grǫzite | *grǫzętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *grǫžaaxъ | *grǫžaaše | *grǫžaaše | — | *grǫzi | *grǫzi |
| Dual | *grǫžaaxově | *grǫžaašeta | *grǫžaašete | *grǫzivě | *grǫzita | — |
| Plural | *grǫžaaxomъ | *grǫžaašete | *grǫžaaxǫ | *grǫzimъ | *grǫzite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*grǫzivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *gręziti (“to sink”)
- *gręzti (“to sink”)
- *grę̑znǫti (“to sink”)
- *gręza (“mud, dirt, mire”)
- *grę̑zь (“mud, dirt”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: грузі́ць (hruzícʹ)
- Middle Russian: грꙋзити (gruziti) (13th century?)
- Russian: грузи́ть (gruzítʹ)
- Ukrainian: грузи́ти (hruzýty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: (погрѫзити (pogrǫziti))
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гру̏зити, гру̏жити
- Latin: grȕziti, grȕžiti
- Chakavian (Cres): gruzȉt
- Slovene: grozīti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: hroužit
- Polish: grążyć
- Slovak: hrúžiť
- Slovincian: grą̃zĕc
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “груз”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 222
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grǫziti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 150
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “груз”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grǫziti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 193: “v. ‘sink’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “grǫziti: grǫzjǫ grǫzitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 259); c (PR 139) fragte, laste”