Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gręda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grindā́ˀ (“beam; post”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrn̥dʰ-éh₂, from *gʰrendʰ- (“post, beam”).

Noun

*grędà f[1][2][3][4]

garden bed
beam

Inflection

Declension of *grędà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*grędà	*grę̑dě	*grę̑dy
Accusative	*grę̑dǫ	*grę̑dě	*grę̑dy
Genitive	*grędý	*grędù	*grę̃dъ
Locative	*grę̑dě	*grędù	grędàsъ, grędàxъ^*
Dative	*grędě̀	*grędàma	*grędàmъ
Instrumental	*grędojǫ́	*grędàma	*grędàmi
Vocative	*grędo	*grę̑dě	*grę̑dy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.

Alternative forms

*grę̑dь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: грѧда́ (grędá)
  - Old Ruthenian: грѧда́ (hrjadá), града́ (hradá), греда́ (hredá), кгреда́ (gredá)
    - Belarusian: града́ (hradá)
    - Ukrainian: гряда́ (hrjadá)
  - Russian: гряда́ (grjadá, “garden bed (dialectal); ridge”)
    - ⇒ Russian: гря́дка (grjádka, “garden bed”)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: греда́ (gredá, “beam”), гре́нда (grénda) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: греда (greda, “beam”)
- Serbo-Croatian: (“beam”)
  Cyrillic: гре́да
  Latin: gréda
- Slovene: gréda, grẹ̑d (“beam; garden bed”) (tonal orthography)
  - ⇒ Slovene: gredíca (“garden bed”)
- → Hungarian: gerenda (“beam”)
- → Romanian: grindă (“beam”)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hřada
  - Czech: hřada
- Polabian: gŕǫdă
- Polish: grzęda (“perch, roost; garden bed”)
- Slovak: hrada

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grędà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187: “f. ā (c) ‘garden bed, beam’”
Derksen, Rick (2015), “grinda”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 189: “*grę̄dà”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “gręda grędy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c beam, crossbeam; garden bed (NA 87, 141, 144; SA 24; PR 138)”
Snoj, Marko (2016), “gréda”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*gręda̋ (*grę̑dь)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grędà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187: “f. ā (c) ‘garden bed, beam’”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2015), “grinda”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 189: “*grę̄dà”

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001), “gręda grędy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c beam, crossbeam; garden bed (NA 87, 141, 144; SA 24; PR 138)”

[4] Snoj, Marko (2016), “gréda”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*gręda̋ (*grę̑dь)”