< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gruzъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grauˀźas. Cognate with Lithuanian gráužas (“gravel, coarse sand”) (dialectally graũžas), Latvian gruži pl (“crushed stone”).
Noun
*gruzъ m
- crushed stone
Declension
Declension of *gruzъ (hard o-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *gruzъ | *gruza | *gruzi |
Accusative | *gruzъ | *gruza | *gruzy |
Genitive | *gruza | *gruzu | *gruzъ |
Locative | *gruzě | *gruzu | *gruzěxъ |
Dative | *gruzu | *gruzoma | *gruzomъ |
Instrumental | *gruzъmь, *gruzomь* | *gruzoma | *gruzy |
Vocative | *gruze | *gruza | *gruzi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *gruza (“lump”)
- *gruzъlъ, *gruzъla (“lump of earth”)
Related terms
- *gruda (“heap, lump”)
- *gruzdь / *gruzdъ (“milk-cap mushroom”)
- *gryzti (“to gnaw”)
Descendants
- West Slavic:
- Kashubian: gruz, gruzgòt (“crushed stone, broken bricks”)
- Old Polish: gruz (“crushed stone, broken bricks”)
- Polish: gruz (“crushed stone, broken stone”), pl. gruzy (“ruins”), dial. grus
- → Kashubian: gruzë, gruzgòtë (“ruins (calque)”)
- Polish: gruz (“crushed stone, broken stone”), pl. gruzy (“ruins”), dial. grus
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gruzъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 158
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “груза”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 286
- “graužas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012