< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/griva
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *grī́ˀwāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂.
Noun
*grìva f[1]
- mane
Inflection
Declension of *grìva (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *grìva | *grìvě | *grìvy |
| Accusative | *grìvǫ | *grìvě | *grìvy |
| Genitive | *grìvy | *grìvu | *grìvъ |
| Locative | *grìvě | *grìvu | *grìvasъ, *grìvaxъ* |
| Dative | *grìvě | *grìvama | *grìvamъ |
| Instrumental | *grìvojǫ, *grìvǭ** | *grìvama | *grìvamī |
| Vocative | *grìvo | *grìvě | *grìvy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гри́ва (gríva)
- Belarusian: гры́ва (hrýva)
- Russian: гри́ва (gríva)
- Ukrainian: гри́ва (hrýva)
- Old East Slavic: гри́ва (gríva)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: гри́ва (gríva)
- Macedonian: грива (griva)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гри̏ва
- Latin: grȉva
- Slovene: gríva (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hříva
- Czech: hříva
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): hříva
- Czech: hříva
- Kashubian: grzëwa
- Polish: grzywa
- Silesian: grziwa
- Slovak: hriva
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hriwa
- Lower Sorbian: griwa
- Old Czech: hříva
- → Yiddish: גריווע (grive)
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*griva”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 129
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “грива”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “griva grivy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a mane (NA 136, 138, 143; SA 18; PR 132; RPT 110)”
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grìva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 189: “f. ā (a) ‘mane’”