< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grabrъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
According to Pokorny, from Proto-Indo-European *grēb(ʰ)o-s, from the zero grade of *gerbʰ- (“to carve, dig out”).[1]
Juxtapose Lithuanian skroblas, Latvian skābardis. Further compare Latvian Gruõbin̨a, Ancient Greek γράβιον (grábion, “torch”). Some authors argue for a non-Indo-European origin.
Noun
*grabrъ m
- hornbeam
Declension
Declension of *grabrъ (hard o-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *grabrъ | *grabra | *grabri |
Accusative | *grabrъ | *grabra | *grabry |
Genitive | *grabra | *grabru | *grabrъ |
Locative | *grabrě | *grabru | *grabrěxъ |
Dative | *grabru | *grabroma | *grabromъ |
Instrumental | *grabrъmь, *grabromь* | *grabroma | *grabry |
Vocative | *grabre | *grabra | *grabri |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)
- Belarusian: граб (hrab)
- Ukrainian: граб (hrab)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: гра́би́на (hrábýna)
- Russian: граб (grab)
- Old Ruthenian: грабъ (hrab)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: габър (gabǎr)
- Macedonian: габер (gaber)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: граб
- Latin: grab
- Slovene: grȃbǝr (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: habr, hrabr
- Kashubian: grôbk
- Polish: grab
- Slovak: hrab
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hrab
- Lower Sorbian: grab
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 404
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “граб”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress