Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/govьno

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/govьno

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Bos taurus taurus turd

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gawāˀ, of uncertain origin:

• Originally "cow dung", from *govьno (“cow's”) +‎ some noun, from adjective *govьnъ, from *gov-, from *gʷṓws (“cow”). Compare Old Prussian aswinan (dadan) (“mare's milk”). Related to *govędo (“cattlehead”), *gumьno (“threshing floor”).
• From Proto-Indo-European *gʷewh₁-. Related to Sanskrit गूथ (gūtha, “feces”) and *gaviti (“to disgust”).

Noun

*govьnò n[1][2][3]

1. shit

   Synonym: *lajьno

Inflection

Declension of *govьnò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*govьnò	*govь̀ně	*govьnà
Accusative	*govьnò	*govь̀ně	*govьnà
Genitive	*govьnà	*govьnù	*govь̀nъ
Locative	*govьně̀	*govьnù	*govь̀něxъ
Dative	*govьnù	*govьnòma	*govьnòmъ
Instrumental	*govьnъ̀mь, *govьnòmь*	*govьnòma	*govь̀ny
Vocative	*govьnò	*govь̀ně	*govьnà

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: говьно (govĭno)
    • Belarusian: гаўно́ (haŭnó)
    • Russian: говно́ (govnó), гомно́ (gomnó)
    • Ukrainian: гімно́ (himnó), гівно́ (hivnó)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: говно́ (govnó)
  • Macedonian: го́мно (gómno)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: го́вно

    Latin: góvno

  • Slovene: góvno (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: hovno
  • Polabian: ďünă
  • Polish: gówno
  • Slovak: hovno
  • Slovincian: gȯ́u̯vnɵ
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: gowno
    • Upper Sorbian: howno

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “говно”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*govьno”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 77
• Anikin, A. E. (2017), “говно”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 11 (глюки – грайка), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 73

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*govьnò”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182: “n. o (b) ‘shit’”
2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “govьno”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b lort (PR 135)”
3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “gọ́vno”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*govьnȍ”