< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gověti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰow-, from the root *gʷʰew-. Cognate with Latin faveō (“to favor, to show mercy”) (infinitive favēre), Old Norse gá (“to pay attention, to respect, to revere”), gaumr (“attention”), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌿𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaumjan, “to notice, to pay attention”). Also cognate with Lithuanian govė́ti (“to fast”), Latvian gavêt (“to fast”), but (per Derksen) both are borrowings from East Slavic.
Verb
*gově̀ti impf[1][2]
- to revere, to fast
Usage notes
Per Chernykh, the semantic development was "to show respect" > "to revere" > to "refrain" (from food, etc.) > "to fast".
Inflection
Conjugation of *gověti, *gově, *govějetь (impf., -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ěti
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gověnьje | *gověti | *govětъ | *govělъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gověnъ | *govějemъ |
| Active | *gověvъ | *gověję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gověxъ | *gově | *gově | *govějǫ | *gověješi | *govějetь |
| Dual | *gověxově | *gověsta | *gověste | *govějevě | *govějeta | *govějete |
| Plural | *gověxomъ | *gověste | *gověšę | *govějemъ | *govějete | *govějǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gověaxъ | *gověaše | *gověaše | — | *gověji | *gověji |
| Dual | *gověaxově | *gověašeta | *gověašete | *govějivě | *govějita | — |
| Plural | *gověaxomъ | *gověašete | *gověaxǫ | *govějimъ | *govějite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: говѣти (gověti)
- Belarusian: гаве́ць (havjécʹ)
- Russian: гове́ть (govétʹ)
- Ukrainian: гові́ти (hovíty)
- Old East Slavic: говѣти (gověti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: говѣти (gověti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: гове́я (govéja)
- Macedonian: гувее (guvee)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: го̀вјети
- Latin: gòvjeti
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hověti
- Czech: hovět
- Slovak: hovieť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: howić
- Old Czech: hověti
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “гове́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 197
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gověti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 72
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гове́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gověti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 181: “v.”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gověti: govějǫ govějetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a faste (PR 134)”