Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/govędo

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/govędo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *govь (“cow”), an i-stem visible in the derivative *govьno (“dung”) and Latvian govs, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gaw- ~ *gōw-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“cattle”), but unclear why with nasal, uncertain suffix, an *-ędo would be a cranberry morpheme.

Noun

*govę̀do n[1]

1. bull, ox
2. (collective) cattle

Inflection

Declension of *govę̀do (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*govę̀do	*govę̀dě	*govę̀da
Accusative	*govę̀do	*govę̀dě	*govę̀da
Genitive	*govę̀da	*govę̀du	*govę̀dъ
Locative	*govę̀dě	*govę̀du	*govę̀dě̄xъ
Dative	*govę̀du	*govę̀doma	*govę̀domъ
Instrumental	*govę̀dъmь, *govę̀domь*	*govę̀doma	*govę̀dȳ
Vocative	*govę̀do	*govę̀dě	*govę̀da

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Coordinate terms

• *govędь

Derived terms

• *govędina / *govęďina
• *govęďь

Related terms

• *govьno (“shit”)
• >? *gumьno (“threshing floor”)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: говѧдо (govędo) (Russian)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: говѧдо (govędo)
    • Belarusian: гавя́да (havjáda), гаўя́да (haŭjáda)
    • Russian: говя́до (govjádo)
    • Ukrainian: гов'я́до (hovʺjádo)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: говѧдо (govędo)

    Glagolitic: ⰳⱁⰲⱔⰴⱁ (govędo)

  • Bulgarian: гове́до (govédo), гове́ндо (govéndo) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: говедо (govedo)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: го̀ведо

    Latin: gòvedo

  • Slovene: govẹ̑do (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hovado
    • Czech: hovado
  • Slovak: hovädo
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: howjado, howjadwo
    • Lower Sorbian: gowjedo

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “говядо”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. (1993), “говядина”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 197
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*govędo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 75
• Chernykh, P. (1993), “жук”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 307

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*govę̀do”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 181: “n. o (a) ‘head of cattle’”