< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gospoďa
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *gospodь + *-ja.
Noun
*gospoďa f[1][2]
- lady
Inflection
Declension of *gospoďa (soft a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *gospoďa | *gospoďi | *gospoďę̇ |
Accusative | *gospoďǫ | *gospoďi | *gospoďę̇ |
Genitive | *gospoďę̇ | *gospoďu | *gospoďь |
Locative | *gospoďi | *gospoďu | *gospoďasъ, *gospoďaxъ* |
Dative | *gospoďi | *gospoďama | *gospoďamъ |
Instrumental | *gospoďejǫ, *gospoďǫ** | *gospoďama | *gospoďami |
Vocative | *gospoďe | *gospoďi | *gospoďę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: госпожа (gospoža)
- Old Ruthenian: госпожа́ (hospožá), господжа́ (hospodžá), оспожа́ (ospožá)[3][4]
- Ukrainian: госпожа́ (hospožá) (obsolete, archaic)
- Russian: госпожа́ (gospožá)
- Old Ruthenian: госпожа́ (hospožá), господжа́ (hospodžá), оспожа́ (ospožá)[3][4]
- Old East Slavic: госпожа (gospoža)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: госпожда (gospožda)
- Glagolitic: ⰳⱁⱄⱂⱁⰶⰴⰰ (gospožda)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: го̏спођа
- Latin: gȍspođa
- Chakavian (Vrgada): gȍspoja
- Chakavian (Orlec): Gospojȁ (“Virgin Mary”)
- Chakavian (Crikvenica): Gȍspoja (“Virgin Mary”)
- Chakavian (Grobnik): Gȍspoja (“Virgin Mary”)
- Slovene: gospá (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Polish: gospodza
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hospoza
- Lower Sorbian: góspoza
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gospodja gospodjě”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b dame, frue (PR 135)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “gospá”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*gospod'a̋”
- Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1986), “госпожа”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 7 (гляденье – девичество), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 111
- Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1977), “госпожа”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 1: А – М, Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 256