< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gospodařь
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *gȍspoda (“dominion, property”) + *-ãřь. In some dialects, the word is reshaped (by folk etymology) as **gosǫdařь (whence Russian госуда́рь (gosudárʹ)) as if a derivative of Proto-Slavic *sǫdъ (“judgement, verdict”).
Noun
*gospodãřь m
- master, lord, sovereign, archon
- Synonyms: *vьśedьržьcь, *volděteľь, *upravьnikъ
- householder, proprietor
- Synonyms: (South Slavic) *stopanъ, (West Slavic) *gъpanъ
- *gospodařь *domu ― ruler of the household
Declension
The accent type B of the derivative.
Declension of *gospodãřь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *gospodãřь | *gospodāřà | *gospodāřì |
Accusative | *gospodãřь | *gospodāřà | *gospodāřę̇̀ |
Genitive | *gospodāřà | *gospodāřù | *gospodãřь |
Locative | *gospodāřì | *gospodāřù | *gospodãřixъ |
Dative | *gospodāřù | *gospodāřèma | *gospodãřemъ |
Instrumental | *gospodāřь̀mь, *gospodāřèmь* | *gospodāřèma | *gospodãři |
Vocative | *gospodařu | *gospodāřà | *gospodāřì |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *gospodařьka f, *gospodarica f (“mistress”)
- *gospodařьstvo (“sovereignty, domain”)
- *gospodařьskъ (“sovereign”) (adjective)
Related terms
- *gospodinъ m (“sire”), *gospodyni f (“lady”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: господарь (gospodarĭ), осподарь (ospodarĭ)
- Old Ruthenian: господаръ (hospodar), осподаръ (ospodar)
- Belarusian: гаспада́р (haspadár)
- Ukrainian: госпо́дар (hospódar)
- → Polish: hospodar
- Russian: господа́рь (gospodárʹ)
- Old Ruthenian: господаръ (hospodar), осподаръ (ospodar)
- Old Novgorodian: господарь (gospodarĭ)
- Old East Slavic: господарь (gospodarĭ), осподарь (ospodarĭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: господарь (gospodarĭ)
- Bulgarian: господа́р (gospodár)
- Macedonian: господар (gospodar)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: госпо̀да̄р
- Latin: gospòdār
- Slovene: gospodár
- Old Church Slavonic: господарь (gospodarĭ)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hospodář
- Czech: hospodář
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): hospodář
- Czech: hospodář
- Polish: gospodarz
- Slovak: hospodár
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hospodar
- Lower Sorbian: góspodaŕ
- Old Czech: hospodář
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: gospodar
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “господарь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “государь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gospodarь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 59