< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gorьčica
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *gorьkъ + *-ica.
Noun
*gorьčica f
- bitter appetizer
- (by extension) mustard
Inflection
Declension of *gorьčica (soft a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *gorьčica | *gorьčici | *gorьčicę̇ |
Accusative | *gorьčicǫ | *gorьčici | *gorьčicę̇ |
Genitive | *gorьčicę̇ | *gorьčicu | *gorьčicь |
Locative | *gorьčici | *gorьčicu | *gorьčicasъ, *gorьčicaxъ* |
Dative | *gorьčici | *gorьčicama | *gorьčicamъ |
Instrumental | *gorьčicejǫ, *gorьčicǫ** | *gorьčicama | *gorьčicami |
Vocative | *gorьčice | *gorьčici | *gorьčicę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: гарчы́ца (harčýca)
- Russian: горчи́ца (gorčíca)
- → Yakut: горчица (gorçitsa)
- Ukrainian: гірчи́ця (hirčýcja)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: горчи́ца (gorčíca)
- Slovene: gọ̑rčica (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: hořčice
- Polish: gorczyca
- Slovak: horčica
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “горчи́ца”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress