< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gorďa
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdjāˀ. Perhaps with borrowing in Proto-Mordvinic *kardə; Erzya кардо (kardo, “stable”), Moksha карда (karda, “stable”)?
Apparently, this form confirms the barytone accent paradigm in the form *gárdas (“enclosure”), which was reconstructed on the basis of a small material.
Noun
*gõrďa f[1][2]
- fence, stable
Inflection
Declension of *gõrďa (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *gõrďa | *gõrďi | *gõrďę̇ |
| Accusative | *gõrďǫ | *gõrďi | *gõrďę̇ |
| Genitive | *gõrďę̇ | *gõrďu | *gõrďь |
| Locative | *gõrďi | *gõrďu | *gõrďasъ, *gõrďaxъ* |
| Dative | *gõrďi | *gõrďama | *gõrďamъ |
| Instrumental | *gõrďejǫ, *gõrďǫ** | *gõrďama | *gõrďamī |
| Vocative | *gorďe | *gõrďi | *gõrďę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Alternative forms
- *gõrďь
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: горо́жа (goróža)
- Belarusian: гаро́жа (haróža)
- (Drahichyn): горо́джа (horódža)
- Russian: горо́жа (goróža)
- Ukrainian: горо́жа (horóža)
- Belarusian: гаро́жа (haróža)
- Old East Slavic: горо́жа (goróža)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гра̑ђа
- Latin: grȃđa
- (Chakavian): grãja
- Slovene: grāja (tonal orthography)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hrázě
- Czech: hráz
- Polish: grodza
- Slovak: hrádza
- Old Czech: hrázě
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “горо́жа”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*górdjь; *górdja”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 178: “m. jo; f. jā (b) ‘fence’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gordja”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a:b (PR 132)”