< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gomola
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *gomoľa, *gomoľь (South Slavic)
- *gomula, *gomyla
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *gom- (“to squeeze, to press”) + *-ola. Cognate with Lithuanian gãmalas (“chunk, lump”).
A secondary form *gomyla (“lump; mound”), attested in several branches, was probably influenced by Proto-Slavic *mogyla (“mound”).
Noun
*gomola f[1]
- lump
- clod
Inflection
Declension of *gomola (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *gomola | *gomolě | *gomoly |
| Accusative | *gomolǫ | *gomolě | *gomoly |
| Genitive | *gomoly | *gomolu | *gomolъ |
| Locative | *gomolě | *gomolu | *gomolasъ, *gomolaxъ* |
| Dative | *gomolě | *gomolama | *gomolamъ |
| Instrumental | *gomolojǫ, *gomolǫ** | *gomolama | *gomolami |
| Vocative | *gomolo | *gomolě | *gomoly |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: гому́ла (homúla)
- Russian: гомо́ла (gomóla), гомы́ла (gomýla)
- Ukrainian: гоми́ла (homýla)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: гомі́лка (homílka)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: гомола (gomola) (Russian recension)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: го̀мољ, го̀моља, го̀мила
- Latin: gòmolj, gòmolja, gòmila
- Slovene: gomȏlj, gomólja, gomóla (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: homole
- Polish: gomóła, gomuła
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: gomola
- Upper Sorbian: homoła, homuła
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “gomolj”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *gomoľь̏, gomola̋, *gomoľa̋”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гомо́ла”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “гомілка”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gomola/*gomolъ/*gomula/*gomyla”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 18
- “gamalas”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012