Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gliba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an unattested *glьti (“to mud”) +‎ *-ьba, continuing Proto-Indo-European *gley- (“to stick, to glue”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *klibą (“cliff”).

Parallel to Proto-Slavic *glyba (“mud, ooze”) from *glew- (“to conglomerate, to gather into a mass”).

Noun

*gliba f

mud, ooze, mire

Alternative forms

*glibъ m
*glibь f

Declension

Declension of *gliba (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*gliba	*glibě	*gliby
Accusative	*glibǫ	*glibě	*gliby
Genitive	*gliby	*glibu	*glibъ
Locative	*glibě	*glibu	glibasъ, glibaxъ^*
Dative	*glibě	*glibama	*glibamъ
Instrumental	glibojǫ, glibǫ^**	*glibama	*glibami
Vocative	*glibo	*glibě	*gliby

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

*glěnь, *glěnъ (“sticky clay”)
*glěvъ, *glěvь, *glěva (“mush, muddy mixture”)
*glina (“clay”)
*glistъ, *glista (“worm, helminth”)
*gliva (“fungus”)
*glьjь (“clay”)

Derived terms

*glibati (“to wade into a swamp”)
*glibina (“swamp”)
*glibavъ (“swampy”)
*glibъkъ (“yeast”)
*glibělь (“abyss”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: гли́ба (hlíba)
- Russian: гли́ба (glíba)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: глиб f (glib) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: глиб m (glib)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: гли̑б m
  Latin: glȋb m
- Slovene: glȋb m
West Slavic:
- Czech: hliba (archaic)