< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gladъkъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *glā́ˀdus, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰleh₂dʰ-.
Adjective
*glàdъkъ[1][2]
- smooth, plain
Declension
Indefinite declension of *gladъkъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *gladъkъ | *gladъka | *gladъko |
| Accusative | *gladъkъ | *gladъkǫ | *gladъko |
| Genitive | *gladъka | *gladъky | *gladъka |
| Locative | *gladъcě | *gladъcě | *gladъcě |
| Dative | *gladъku | *gladъcě | *gladъku |
| Instrumental | *gladъkomь | *gladъkojǫ | *gladъkomь |
| Vocative | *gladъče | *gladъko | *gladъko |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *gladъka | *gladъcě | *gladъcě |
| Accusative | *gladъka | *gladъcě | *gladъcě |
| Genitive | *gladъku | *gladъku | *gladъku |
| Locative | *gladъku | *gladъku | *gladъku |
| Dative | *gladъkoma | *gladъkama | *gladъkoma |
| Instrumental | *gladъkoma | *gladъkama | *gladъkoma |
| Vocative | *gladъka | *gladъcě | *gladъcě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *gladъci | *gladъky | *gladъka |
| Accusative | *gladъky | *gladъky | *gladъka |
| Genitive | *gladъkъ | *gladъkъ | *gladъkъ |
| Locative | *gladъcěxъ | *gladъkaxъ | *gladъcěxъ |
| Dative | *gladъkomъ | *gladъkamъ | *gladъkomъ |
| Instrumental | *gladъky | *gladъkami | *gladъky |
| Vocative | *gladъci | *gladъky | *gladъka |
Definite declension of *gladъkъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *gladъkъjь | *gladъkaja | *gladъkoje |
| Accusative | *gladъkъjь | *gladъkǫjǫ | *gladъkoje |
| Genitive | *gladъkajego | *gladъkyję | *gladъkajego |
| Locative | *gladъcějemь | *gladъcěji | *gladъcějemь |
| Dative | *gladъkujemu | *gladъcěji | *gladъkujemu |
| Instrumental | *gladъkyjimi | *gladъkǫjǫ | *gladъkyjimi |
| Vocative | *gladъkъjь | *gladъkaja | *gladъkoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *gladъkaja | *gladъcěji | *gladъcěji |
| Accusative | *gladъkaja | *gladъcěji | *gladъcěji |
| Genitive | *gladъkuju | *gladъkuju | *gladъkuju |
| Locative | *gladъkuju | *gladъkuju | *gladъkuju |
| Dative | *gladъkyjima | *gladъkyjima | *gladъkyjima |
| Instrumental | *gladъkyjima | *gladъkyjima | *gladъkyjima |
| Vocative | *gladъkaja | *gladъcěji | *gladъcěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *gladъciji | *gladъkyję | *gladъkaja |
| Accusative | *gladъkyję | *gladъkyję | *gladъkaja |
| Genitive | *gladъkъjixъ | *gladъkъjixъ | *gladъkъjixъ |
| Locative | *gladъkyjixъ | *gladъkyjixъ | *gladъkyjixъ |
| Dative | *gladъkyjimъ | *gladъkyjimъ | *gladъkyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *gladъkyjimi | *gladъkyjimi | *gladъkyjimi |
| Vocative | *gladъciji | *gladъkyję | *gladъkaja |
Alternative forms
- *gladъ
Derived terms
- *gladyšь
- *gladostь
- *gladiti, *gladidlo
- *glaďa
- *gladь
- Serbo-Croatian: glad[3]
Descendants
- East Slavic
- Belarusian: гла́дкі (hládki)
- Russian: гла́дкий (gládkij), гла́же (gláže)[4]
- Ukrainian: гладки́й (hladkýj)
- South Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic: гладъкъ (gladŭkŭ)
- Bulgarian: гла́дък (gládǎk)
- Macedonian: гладок (gladok)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гла̏дак
- Latin: glȁdak
- Slovene: gladka
- West Slavic
- Old Czech: hladký
- Czech: hladký
- Kashubian: głôdczi
- Polish: gładki
- Slovak: hladký
- Sorbian
- Upper Sorbian: hładki
- Lower Sorbian: gładki
- Old Czech: hladký
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gladъkъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 115
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гла́дкий”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glàdъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 162: “adj. o (a) ‘smooth, plain’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gladъ glada glado”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 23, 105f.; PR 133)”
- Pero Budmani, editor (1887-1891), “glad 3”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 3, Zagreb: JAZU, page 141
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “гладкий”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 189