< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gaziti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- ЭССЯ: probably from *gazъ, from extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʷeh₂- (“to go”)
- Derksen: from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāˀź-, from Proto-Indo-European *g(ʷ)eHǵʰ-
- Baltic cognates include Lithuanian góžti (“to overthrow, overturn, pour out”), Latvian gâzt (“to overthrow, overturn, pour (out)”)
- Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit गाहते (gāhate, “to penetrate, step into the water, wade”)
Verb
*gàziti impf[1]
- to wade
- to tread, tread on, tread down
Inflection
Conjugation of *gaziti, *gazi, *gazitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gaženьje | *gaziti | *gazitъ | *gazilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gaženъ | *gazimъ |
| Active | *gažь | *gazę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gazixъ | *gazi | *gazi | *gažǫ | *gaziši | *gazitь |
| Dual | *gazixově | *gazista | *gaziste | *gazivě | *gazita | *gazite |
| Plural | *gazixomъ | *gaziste | *gazišę | *gazimъ | *gazite | *gazętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gažaaxъ | *gažaaše | *gažaaše | — | *gazi | *gazi |
| Dual | *gažaaxově | *gažaašeta | *gažaašete | *gazivě | *gazita | — |
| Plural | *gažaaxomъ | *gažaašete | *gažaaxǫ | *gazimъ | *gazite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*gazivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *nagaziti
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- ⇒ Russian Church Slavonic: изгазити (izgaziti)
- Bulgarian: га́зя (gázja, “to tread; to override, to get in trouble”)[2]
- Macedonian: гази (gazi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: га̏зити
- Latin: gȁziti
- Slovene: gáziti
- → Gottscheerish: gazn
- Old Church Slavonic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gaziti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 113
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gàziti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 162: “v. (a)”
- The secondary meaning to override, to get in trouble has been related to Old Oghuric *qas- (“to oppress”).