< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gasiti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷōs-eye-, lengthened causative of *(s)gʷes-. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gesýti (“to extinguish”), 1sg. gesaũ, gèsti (“to be extinguished, to go out”), 1sg. gestù, Latvian dzēst (“to extinguish”), dzist (“to be extinguished, to go out”). Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit जसते (jásate, “to be extinguished”), जासयति (jāsáyati, “to extinguish, to exhaust”), Ancient Greek σβέννῡμι (sbénnūmi, “to extinguish”).
Verb
*gasìti impf[1][2][3]
- to extinguish
Inflection
Conjugation of *gasiti, *gasi, *gasitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gašenьje | *gasiti | *gasitъ | *gasilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gašenъ | *gasimъ |
| Active | *gašь | *gasę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gasixъ | *gasi | *gasi | *gašǫ | *gasiši | *gasitь |
| Dual | *gasixově | *gasista | *gasiste | *gasivě | *gasita | *gasite |
| Plural | *gasixomъ | *gasiste | *gasišę | *gasimъ | *gasite | *gasętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gašaaxъ | *gašaaše | *gašaaše | — | *gasi | *gasi |
| Dual | *gašaaxově | *gašaašeta | *gašaašete | *gasivě | *gasita | — |
| Plural | *gašaaxomъ | *gašaašete | *gašaaxǫ | *gasimъ | *gasite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*gasivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Conjugation of *gasiti, *gasi, *gasitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gašenьje | *gasiti | *gasitъ | *gasilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gašenъ | *gasimъ |
| Active | *gašь | *gasę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gasixъ | *gasi | *gasi | *gašǫ | *gasiši | *gasitь |
| Dual | *gasixově | *gasista | *gasiste | *gasivě | *gasita | *gasite |
| Plural | *gasixomъ | *gasiste | *gasišę | *gasimъ | *gasite | *gasętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gašaaxъ | *gašaaše | *gašaaše | — | *gasi | *gasi |
| Dual | *gašaaxově | *gašaašeta | *gašaašete | *gasivě | *gasita | — |
| Plural | *gašaaxomъ | *gašaašete | *gašaaxǫ | *gasimъ | *gasite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*gasivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *gàsnǫti (“to be extinguished, to go out”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гасити (gasiti)
- Old Belarusian: гасити (hasiti)
- Belarusian: гасі́ць (hasícʹ)
- Ukrainian: гаси́ти (hasýty)
- Russian: гаси́ть (gasítʹ)
- Old Belarusian: гасити (hasiti)
- Old East Slavic: гасити (gasiti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: оугасити (ugasiti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: гася́ (gasjá)
- Macedonian: гаси (gasi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: га́сити
- Latin: gásiti
- Chakavian (Vrgada?): gå̄sȉti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): gāsȉt
- Slovene: gasīti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hasiti
- Czech: hasit
- Kashubian: gasëc
- Polabian: gosĕ (3sg.)
- Polish: gasić
- Slovak: hasiť
- Slovincian: gȧ̃sĕc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hasyć
- Lower Sorbian: gasyś
- Old Czech: hasiti
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “гаси́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 182
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гаси́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gasiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 104
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gasìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161: “v. (b/c) ‘extinguish’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gasiti: gasjǫ gasitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c slukke (SA 259; PR 139)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “gasīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*gasi̋ti”