< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gajati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Of onomatopoeic nature, formed as ga! + *-jati. Continues Proto-Balto-Slavic *gāˀi-, from Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾eH- (“to sing”). Cognate with Sanskrit गायति (gā́yati, “to sing”) and akin to Latvian dziêdât (“to sing”), Lithuanian giedóti (“to sing”)[1]. The Baltic forms are enlarged with *-d⁽ʰ⁾-.
Verb
*gajati impf[2]
- to caw, to croak
Inflection
Conjugation of *gajati, *gaja, *gajajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gajanьje | *gajati | *gajatъ | *gajalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *gajanъ | *gajajemъ |
| Active | *gajavъ | *gajaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gajaxъ | *gaja | *gaja | *gajajǫ | *gajaješi | *gajajetь |
| Dual | *gajaxově | *gajasta | *gajaste | *gajajevě | *gajajeta | *gajajete |
| Plural | *gajaxomъ | *gajaste | *gajašę | *gajajemъ | *gajajete | *gajajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gajaaxъ | *gajaaše | *gajaaše | — | *gajaji | *gajaji |
| Dual | *gajaaxově | *gajaašeta | *gajaašete | *gajajivě | *gajajita | — |
| Plural | *gajaaxomъ | *gajaašete | *gajaaxǫ | *gajajimъ | *gajajite | — |
Related terms
- *gajь (“squeak”)
- *gavati (“to cheat, to cause confusion”)
- *gakati (“to caw”)
- *gaga (“sea-duck”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: гаяти (gajati, “to caw, croak”)
- Russian: га́ять (gájatʹ, “to yawn, talk, scream, curse”) (dialectal)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “гаять”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*gajati II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 84
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “га¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 219
References
- Derksen, Rick (2015), “*giedoti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gajati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161