< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
![](../../I/Hedgehog1.JPG.webp)
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ežь
Proto-Slavic
![](../../I/Hedgehog1.JPG.webp)
*ežь (Erinaceus concolor)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *eźis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis (“hedgehog”). Compare with *ǵʰḗr.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian ežys, regional ẽżis and Latvian ezis. Other Indo-European cognates include Phrygian ἔξις (éxis) (read ἔζις (ézis)), Ancient Greek ἐχῖνος (ekhînos), Old English igil (English ile), Old High German igil (German Igel), Old Armenian ոզնի (ozni), Old Norse ígull, Ossetian уызын (wyzyn), Albanian eshk.
Noun
*ežь m[1]
- hedgehog
Declension
Declension of *ežь (soft o-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *ežь | *eža | *eži |
Accusative | *ežь | *eža | *ežę̇ |
Genitive | *eža | *ežu | *ežь |
Locative | *eži | *ežu | *ežixъ |
Dative | *ežu | *ežema | *ežemъ |
Instrumental | *ežьmь, *ežemь* | *ežema | *eži |
Vocative | *ežu | *eža | *eži |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *ežakъ, *ežikъ (diminutive)
- *eževъ(jь)
- *eževica, *eževika
- *eževina
- *ežica, *ežika
- *ežina
- *ežiti (sę)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ѥжь (ježĭ), ежь (ežĭ), ожь (ožĭ)
- Old Ruthenian: єжъ (jež), ѣжъ (ěž)
- Rusyn: ї́жо (jížo)
- ⇒ Rusyn: ї́жко (jížko)
- Ukrainian: їж (již), йіж (již), іж (iž), їжо́ (jižó), іжо́ (ižó), ож (ož) (dialectal)
- Rusyn: ї́жо (jížo)
- Middle Russian: ежъ (jež), ожъ (ož)
- Russian: ёж (jož); еж (jež) (dialectal); іож (iož), йож (jož), иож (iož), ежь (ježʹ) (dated)
- Old Ruthenian: єжъ (jež), ѣжъ (ěž)
- Old East Slavic: ѥжь (ježĭ), ежь (ežĭ), ожь (ožĭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Church Slavonic: ѥжь (ježĭ) (Serbian)
- Bulgarian: еж (ež); еш (eš) (dialectal)
- ⇒ Bulgarian: таралеж (taralež)
- Macedonian: еж (ež)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: је̑ж; је̑жа (dialectal)
- Latin: jȇž; jȇža (dialectal)
- Slovene: jẹ̄ž
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: jež (dialectal)
- Kashubian: jéż
- Polabian: jiz
- Old Polish: jeż
- Polish: jeż; wież, wjiż (dialectal)
- Slovak: jež
- Slovincian: jěi̯ž
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: jaž, jež
- Upper Sorbian: jěž
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ežь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 37
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ёж”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “їж”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 323
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ežь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 149: “m. jo ‘hedgehog’”