< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/edinъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *edīˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁edʰ-(H)iHnos, with *h₁edʰ- element of unclear origin, ultimately from *(H)óy(H)nos. Cognate with Latvian viêns, Lithuanian víenas and Old Prussian ains. The vowel of the second syllable behaves similarly to a tense jer: in a strong position it manifests as */i/ (sometimes */e/), in a weak position it is dropped.
The West Slavic forms show a depalatalized d.
Numeral
| 10 | ||||
| 1 | 2 → | 10 → | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: *edinъ Ordinal: *pьrvъ Adverbial: *edino šьdy, *edьnojьťi Multiplier: *edinakъ Collective: *edьnojь | ||||
*edìnъ[1]
- one
Declension
Declension of *edinъ (hard pronominal)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *edinъ | *edina | *edino |
| Accusative | *edinъ | *edinǫ | *edino |
| Genitive | *edinogo | *edinoję | *edinogo |
| Locative | *edinomь | *edinojь | *edinomь |
| Dative | *edinomu | *edinojь | *edinomu |
| Instrumental | *ediněmь | *edinojǫ | *ediněmь |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *edina | *edině | *edině |
| Accusative | *edina | *edině | *edině |
| Genitive | *edinoju | *edinoju | *edinoju |
| Locative | *edinoju | *edinoju | *edinoju |
| Dative | *ediněma | *ediněma | *ediněma |
| Instrumental | *ediněma | *ediněma | *ediněma |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *edini | *ediny | *edina |
| Accusative | *ediny | *ediny | *edina |
| Genitive | *ediněxъ | *ediněxъ | *ediněxъ |
| Locative | *ediněxъ | *ediněxъ | *ediněxъ |
| Dative | *ediněmъ | *ediněmъ | *ediněmъ |
| Instrumental | *ediněmi | *ediněmi | *ediněmi |
Alternative forms
- *edьnъ
- *odinъ
Derived terms
- *edinakъ / *edьnakъ / *edinokъ (“similar, identical”)
- *edinica / *edьnica
- *edinošьdy / *edьnašьdy
- *edinota / *edьnota
- *edinъ na desęte / *edьnъ na desęte
- *edinьcь
- *edьnojьťi
- *edьnonogъ
- *edьnookъ
- *edьnorogъ
- *edьnorǫkъ
- *edьnostajьnъ
- *edьnostavьnъ
- *edьnostь
Related terms
- *jьnъ (“other”)
- *ed(ъ)va (“hardly, only just”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: одинъ (odinŭ), единъ (edinŭ) (see there for further descendants)
- Middle Russian: одинъ (odin)
- Russian: один (odin)
- Old Ruthenian: одинъ (odin)
- Belarusian: адзі́н (adzín)
- Ukrainian: оди́н (odýn); оде́н (odén), йоде́н (jodén) (dialectal)
- Middle Russian: одинъ (odin)
- Old Novgorodian: ѥдинъ (jedinŭ)
- Old East Slavic: одинъ (odinŭ), единъ (edinŭ) (see there for further descendants)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: единъ (edinŭ), ѥдьнъ (jedĭnŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⰵⰴⰺⱀⱏ (edinŭ), ⰵⰴⱐⱀⱏ (edĭnŭ)
- Bulgarian: еди́н (edín), едъ́н (edǎ́n) (Torlakian dialects) (with ъ < OCS ь)
- Macedonian: е́ден (éden)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: јѐдан
- Latin: jèdan
- Slovene: édən, ȅn (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jeden
- Czech: jeden
- Moravian (Mistřice): jeden
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): jeden
- Czech: jeden
- Kashubian: jeden
- Polabian: jadån
- Polish: jeden, jedyny, jedynka
- Silesian: jedyn
- Slovak: jeden
- Slovincian: jȧ̃děn
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: jedyn
- Lower Sorbian: jaden
- Old Czech: jeden
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “один”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “один”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 593
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*edinъ / *edьnъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 11
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*edìnъ; *edьnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138: “num. o ‘one’”