< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrzъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dirs-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰr̥s-u-, from *dʰers-. Cognate with Latvian dross, drošs (“courageous”), Lithuanian drąsùs (“couageous”), Old Prussian dirsos, dyrsos, Ancient Greek θρασύς (thrasús, “bold”), Sanskrit धृषु (dhṛṣu, “bold, courageous, strong”).
Adjective
*dьrzъ[1]
- daring, bold
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *dьrzъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dьrzъ | *dьrza | *dьrzo |
| Accusative | *dьrzъ | *dьrzǫ | *dьrzo |
| Genitive | *dьrza | *dьrzy | *dьrza |
| Locative | *dьrzě | *dьrzě | *dьrzě |
| Dative | *dьrzu | *dьrzě | *dьrzu |
| Instrumental | *dьrzomь | *dьrzojǫ | *dьrzomь |
| Vocative | *dьrze | *dьrzo | *dьrzo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dьrza | *dьrzě | *dьrzě |
| Accusative | *dьrza | *dьrzě | *dьrzě |
| Genitive | *dьrzu | *dьrzu | *dьrzu |
| Locative | *dьrzu | *dьrzu | *dьrzu |
| Dative | *dьrzoma | *dьrzama | *dьrzoma |
| Instrumental | *dьrzoma | *dьrzama | *dьrzoma |
| Vocative | *dьrza | *dьrzě | *dьrzě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dьrzi | *dьrzy | *dьrza |
| Accusative | *dьrzy | *dьrzy | *dьrza |
| Genitive | *dьrzъ | *dьrzъ | *dьrzъ |
| Locative | *dьrzěxъ | *dьrzaxъ | *dьrzěxъ |
| Dative | *dьrzomъ | *dьrzamъ | *dьrzomъ |
| Instrumental | *dьrzy | *dьrzami | *dьrzy |
| Vocative | *dьrzi | *dьrzy | *dьrza |
Definite declension of *dьrzъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dьrzъjь | *dьrzaja | *dьrzoje |
| Accusative | *dьrzъjь | *dьrzǫjǫ | *dьrzoje |
| Genitive | *dьrzajego | *dьrzyję | *dьrzajego |
| Locative | *dьrzějemь | *dьrzěji | *dьrzějemь |
| Dative | *dьrzujemu | *dьrzěji | *dьrzujemu |
| Instrumental | *dьrzyjimi | *dьrzǫjǫ | *dьrzyjimi |
| Vocative | *dьrzъjь | *dьrzaja | *dьrzoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dьrzaja | *dьrzěji | *dьrzěji |
| Accusative | *dьrzaja | *dьrzěji | *dьrzěji |
| Genitive | *dьrzuju | *dьrzuju | *dьrzuju |
| Locative | *dьrzuju | *dьrzuju | *dьrzuju |
| Dative | *dьrzyjima | *dьrzyjima | *dьrzyjima |
| Instrumental | *dьrzyjima | *dьrzyjima | *dьrzyjima |
| Vocative | *dьrzaja | *dьrzěji | *dьrzěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dьrziji | *dьrzyję | *dьrzaja |
| Accusative | *dьrzyję | *dьrzyję | *dьrzaja |
| Genitive | *dьrzъjixъ | *dьrzъjixъ | *dьrzъjixъ |
| Locative | *dьrzyjixъ | *dьrzyjixъ | *dьrzyjixъ |
| Dative | *dьrzyjimъ | *dьrzyjimъ | *dьrzyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *dьrzyjimi | *dьrzyjimi | *dьrzyjimi |
| Vocative | *dьrziji | *dьrzyję | *dьrzaja |
Related terms
- *dьrzati
- *dьrznǫti
- *dьrzъkъ
- *dьrznati
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: де́рзый (dérzyj) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: дрьзъ (drĭzŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⰴⱃⱐⰸⱏ (drĭzŭ)
- Slovene: drz
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: drzý
- Slovak: drzý
- Slovincian: ʒḯrzï
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: dârz
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dьrzъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 137: “adj. o ‘daring, bold’”