< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъždžь
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *dъščь
Etymology
Uncertain, *ždž (*šč) can be derived from *zd (*st) and *zg (*sk):
- *dusdjos: From Proto-Indo-European *dus-dyu-, a compound of *dus- (“bad”) + dyu- (“sky”).
- Compare Sanskrit दुर्दिन (durdina, “rain, shower”), Ancient Greek εὐδία (eudía, “fair weather”).
- *duzgjo-: From **dъždžati, **dъždžitь + *-ь.
- Related to Lithuanian duzgė́ti (“to rumble?, buzz?”), duzgénti.
- See also *mъrskati, *mъrščati, *mъrždžiti, *pъrskati, *polskati, *pľuskati, *bučiti, *bučati, *buča, *bučadlo, *buriti, *buřa.
- *duskjos: From **dъščati, **dъščitь + *-ь or **dъskati/**dъsknǫti + *-jь.
- Related to Norwegian duskregn (“drizzling rain”), det dusker, Swedish regndusk (“drizzling rain”), dusk, dúska, Bavarian dusel (“drizzle?”). Further related to Norwegian dysja or dust (“dust”) < *dʰewh₂-.
- See also *mižati, *mьžati, *mьžiti, *mьža, *mьžica, *mьžika, *mьga, *mьgla (< *h₃meygʰ-, ?*h₃meyǵʰ-), *mьrknǫti, *mьrčiti, *morčiti, Czech pršeti, Bulgarian ситен дъжд (siten dǎžd).
Noun
*dъ̀ždžь m[1][2]
- rain
Declension
Declension of *dъ̀ždžь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *dъ̀ždžь | *dъždžà | *dъždžì |
Accusative | *dъ̀ždžь | *dъždžà | *dъždžę̇̀ |
Genitive | *dъždžà | *dъždžù | *dъ̀ždžь |
Locative | *dъždžì | *dъždžù | *dъ̀ždžixъ |
Dative | *dъždžù | *dъždžèma | *dъ̀ždžemъ |
Instrumental | *dъždžь̀mь, *dъždžèmь* | *dъždžèma | *dъ̀ždži |
Vocative | *dъždžu | *dъždžà | *dъždžì |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
See also
- *tъska
- *tuskъ
- *tǫča
- *liti
- *slota
- *kysnǫti, *kysiti, *kyša
- *moknǫti, *močiti, *moča
- *mokrъ, *mokriti
- *mъzgnǫti, *mъždžiti
- *mьlsti
Derived terms
- *dъždževica
- *dъždževъ
- *dъždževьnica
- *dъždževьnikъ
- *dъždžiti
- *dъždživъ
- *dъždžьnъ
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дъждь (dŭždĭ), дождь (doždĭ), дъждъ (dŭždŭ), дъжчь (dŭžčĭ), дожчь (dožčĭ), дъжгь (dŭžgĭ), дъжгъ (dŭžgŭ), дожгъ (dožgŭ), дожжь (dožžĭ), дожь (dožĭ)
- Old Ruthenian: дожджъ (doždž)
- Belarusian: до́ждж (dóždž)
- Rusyn: дождь (doždʹ), додж (dodž)
- Ukrainian: дощ (došč); дож (dož), дождж (doždž), дорщ (doršč), дищ (dyšč), дожьджь (dožʹdžʹ), дош (doš), дошь (došʹ) (dialectal)
- Russian: дождь (doždʹ), дожж (dožž)
- Old Ruthenian: дожджъ (doždž)
- Old Novgorodian: дожгь (dožgĭ) (Old Pskovian)
- Old East Slavic: дъждь (dŭždĭ), дождь (doždĭ), дъждъ (dŭždŭ), дъжчь (dŭžčĭ), дожчь (dožčĭ), дъжгь (dŭžgĭ), дъжгъ (dŭžgŭ), дожгъ (dožgŭ), дожжь (dožžĭ), дожь (dožĭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: дъждь (dŭždĭ)
- Glagolitic: ⰴⱏⰶⰴⱐ (dŭždĭ)
- Bulgarian: дъжд (dǎžd)
- Macedonian: дожд (dožd)
- Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)
- Cyrillic (Dubrovnik): да̏жд
- Latin (Dubrovnik): dȁžd
- Chakavian (Prčanj): dȁžd
- Chakavian (Vrgada): dȁž
- Chakavian (Orbanići): dãš
- Kajkavian: dežđ
- Slovene: də̏ž (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: déšč
- Czech: déšť, dešť
- Kashubian: deszcz
- Polabian: dåzd
- Old Polish: deżdż
- Polish: deszcz
- Silesian: dyszcz
- Slovak: dážď
- Slovincian: dẽi̯šč
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: dešć
- Lower Sorbian: dešć
- Old Czech: déšč
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dъždžь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 195
- Anikin, A. E. (2020), “дождь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 14 (дигнитарь – дрощи), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 122
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “дощ”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 117
- Rudnyckyj, Ja. B. (1982), “дощ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language (in English), volume 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukr. Mohylo-Mazepian Acad. of Sciences & Ukr. Lang. Assoc., page 188
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “до́ждж”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volume 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 140
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “дождь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 256
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “дождь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “deszcz”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
- Berneker, Erich (1908–1913), “dъždžь”, in Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 248
- В. В. Мартынов (1981), “Балто-славяно-иранские языковые отношения и глоттогенез славян. bur’a – dъždžь 'непогода'.”, in Балто-славянские исследования. 1980., Moscow: Nauka, page 20
- Журавлев, А. Ф. (2000), “Наивная этимология и "кабинетная мифология" (Из наблюдений над мифологизмом А.Н. Афанасьева)”, in Этимология 1997‒1999, Moscow, page 53
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dъ́zdjъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 131: “m. jo (b) ‘rainstorm, rain’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “dъždžь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b regn (PR 134)”