Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъva

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъva

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *duwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”).

Numeral

Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: *dъva     Ordinal: *vъtorъ     Adverbial: *dъva šьdy, *dъvojьťi, *dъva kortь     Multiplier: *dъvojakъ, *dъvojьnъ, *dъva kortьnъ, *dъvogubъ     Collective: *dъvojь     Fractional: *polъ, *polovina

*dъ̏va[1][2]

1. two

Inflection

Declension of *dъva (hard pronominal)

Dual	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*dъva	*dъvě	*dъvě
Accusative	*dъva	*dъvě	*dъvě
Genitive	*dъvoju	*dъvoju	*dъvoju
Locative	*dъvoju	*dъvoju	*dъvoju
Dative	*dъvěma	*dъvěma	*dъvěma
Instrumental	*dъvěma	*dъvěma	*dъvěma

Derived terms

Derived terms

• *d(ъ)va desęte (“twenty”)
• *d(ъ)va na desęte (“twelve”)
• *d(ъ)vě sъtě (“two hundred”)
• *d(ъ)va korti / *d(ъ)va korty (“twice”)
• *d(ъ)va šьdi / *d(ъ)va šьdy (“twice”)
• *d(ъ)vojьťi (“twice”)
• *d(ъ)věgubь (“double”)
• *d(ъ)vogubъ (“double”)
• *d(ъ)vojakъ (“double, twofold”)
• *d(ъ)věnъky
• *d(ъ)vęka
• *d(ъ)vęčiti
• *d(ъ)vigo (“yoke for 2 bullock”)
• *d(ъ)vina
• *d(ъ)vigъ
  • *d(ъ)vizь, *d(ъ)viza, *d(ъ)vizę
  • *dvigati (“to raise, lift, move up”)
• *d(ъ)vojь
  • *d(ъ)vojanъ
  • *d(ъ)vojica
  • *d(ъ)vojiti
  • *d(ъ)vojьka
  • *d(ъ)vojьnъ (“dual”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дъва (dŭva), два (dva)
    • Old Ruthenian: два (dva)
      • Belarusian: два (dva)
      • Rusyn: два (dva)
      • Ukrainian: два (dva)
    • Russian: два (dva)
  • Old Novgorodian: дова (dova), дъва (dŭva)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: дъва (dŭva)

    Glagolitic: ⰴⱏⰲⰰ (dŭva)

  • Bulgarian: два (dva)
  • Macedonian: два (dva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: два̑

    Latin: dvȃ

  • Slovene: dvȃ (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dva
    • Czech: dva
  • Kashubian: dwa
  • Polabian: dåvo
  • Polish: dwa
  • Silesian: dwa
  • Slovak: dvaja, dva, dve
  • Slovincian: dvȧ̃
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: dwa
    • Upper Sorbian: dwaj

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “два”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. (1993), “два”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 232
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*d(ъ)va”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 185
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “два”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*d(ъ)va”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 130: “num. ‘two’”
2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “dъva dъvě dъvě”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c two (SA 35f., 243f.; PR 139), cf. Table X”