Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dǫga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dangāˀ. Cognate with Latvian dañga (“corner”), Lithuanian dangà (“cover”), dánga, dangùs (“sky, heaven”).

Noun

*dǭgà f[1][2]

arc, arch
rainbow

Declension

Declension of *dǭgà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*dǭgà	*dǫ̃dzě	*dǭgỳ
Accusative	*dǭgǫ̀	*dǫ̃dzě	*dǭgỳ
Genitive	*dǭgỳ	*dǭgù	*dǫ̃gъ
Locative	*dǭdzě̀	*dǭgù	dǭgàsъ, dǭgàxъ^*
Dative	*dǭdzě̀	*dǭgàma	*dǭgàmъ
Instrumental	dǭgòjǫ, dǫ̃gǫ^**	*dǭgàma	*dǭgàmī
Vocative	*dǫgo	*dǫ̃dzě	*dǭgỳ

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дꙋга (duga)
- Russian: дуга́ (dugá)
- Ukrainian: дуга́ (duhá)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: дѫга (dǫga)
- Bulgarian: дъга́ (dǎgá), дъ́нга (dǎ́nga) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ду́га
  Latin: dúga
- Slovene: doga
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: duha
  - Czech: duha
    - Bohemian (Chod dialect): douha
- Polish: dęga (dialectal)
- Silesian: danga, dynga
- Slovak: dúha

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dǫgà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 114: “f. ā ‘arc, arch’”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “dǫga dǫgy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b arc, hoop; rainbow (NA 93f., 142; PR 135)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dǫgà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 114: “f. ā ‘arc, arch’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “dǫga dǫgy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b arc, hoop; rainbow (NA 93f., 142; PR 135)”