Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dělo

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dělo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *děti +‎ *-lo, inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dḗˀla, formally from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-lom (o-stem) or *dʰeh₁-los (s-stem), an l-derivative from *dʰeh₁- (“to put, to do”). Cognate with Lithuanian padėlỹs, priedėlė̃ (“appendix”).

Superficially also resembles Old Czech děloha (“womb”) (< hypothetical *děloga), which more likely corresponds to Lithuanian dėlė (“leech”), Latvian dēls (“boy”) from related root *dʰeh₁(y)- (“to nurish, to suckle”) (cognate with Latin fīlius (“son”), Ancient Greek θηλή (thēlḗ, “nipple”)).

Noun

*dě̀lo n[1][2][3]

1. deed, act
2. work, operation, activity

Declension

Declension of *dě̀lo (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*dě̀lo	*dě̀lě	*dě̀la
Accusative	*dě̀lo	*dě̀lě	*dě̀la
Genitive	*dě̀la	*dě̀lu	*dě̀lъ
Locative	*dě̀lě	*dě̀lu	*dě̀lě̄xъ
Dative	*dě̀lu	*dě̀loma	*dě̀lomъ
Instrumental	*dě̀lъmь, *dě̀lomь*	*dě̀loma	*dě̀lȳ
Vocative	*dě̀lo	*dě̀lě	*dě̀la

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Declension of *dě̀lo (s-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*dě̀lo	*dě̀lesi	*dě̀lesā
Accusative	*dě̀lo	*dě̀lesi	*dě̀lesā
Genitive	*dě̀lese	*dě̀lesu	*dě̀lesъ
Locative	*dě̀lese	*dě̀lesu	*dě̀lesьxъ
Dative	*dě̀lesi	*dě̀lesьma	*dě̀lesьmъ
Instrumental	*dě̀lesьmь	*dě̀lesьma	*dě̀lesȳ
Vocative	*dě̀lo	*dě̀lesi	*dě̀lesā

Derived terms

• *dělati (“to do, to conjure”)
  • *dělali (“artisan, craftsman”)
  • *dělateľь (“worker, operator”)
• *neděľa (“weedend, non-working day”)
• *dělьma (“due to, because”) (adverb)
• *dělovъ, *dělьnъ (“working”)
  • *dělьnikъ (“workday”)

Related terms

• *děti (“to do, to put on”)
• *dějati, *děvati (“to act, to procede”)
  • *dějьstvo (“action”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дѣло (dělo)
    • Belarusian: дзе́ла (dzjéla)
    • Russian: де́ло (délo)
    • Rusyn: дїло (djilo)
    • Ukrainian: ді́ло (dílo)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: дѣло (dělo)

    Glagolitic: ⰴⱑⰾⱁ (dělo)

  • Bulgarian: де́ло (délo) (Western and literary pronunciation), дя́ло (djálo) (Eastern pronunciation)
  • Macedonian: де́ло (délo)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: де̏ло

    Latin: dȅlo

    • Chakavian (Vrgada): dȉlo
    • Chakavian (Novi): dȅlo
    • Chakavian (Orbanići): dȅlo, nom. pl. dȅla
  • Slovene: dẹ́lo (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: dielo
    • Czech: dílo (“work”); dělo (“cannon”)
      • Moravian (Mistřice): ďeu̯o (“work”)
  • Polabian: ďolü
  • Kashubian: dzeło
  • Old Polish: działo
    • Polish: dzieło (“work, deed”); działo (“cannon”)
  • Slovak: dielo
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dźěło
    • Lower Sorbian: źěło

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “дело”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dělo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 7
• Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “дело, дяло”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 338

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dě̀lo”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 103: “n. o (a) ‘work, deed’”
2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “dělo děla”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 149, 199; PR 132; MP 20; RPT 111)”
3. Snoj, Marko (2016), “dẹ́lo”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*dě̋lo”