< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/duxati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Factitive-iterative verb from *duxъ (“breath, sprite”) + *-ati, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰews- (“to breathe”). Related via schwebeablaut to *dvoxati (“to breathe heavily”).
Verb
*duxàti impf (perfective *duxnǫti)[1]
- to blow, to puff
- Synonyms: *dьmuxati, *puxati, *lъxati
Inflection
Conjugation of *duxati, *duxa, *duxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *duxanьje | *duxati | *duxatъ | *duxalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *duxanъ | *duxajemъ |
| Active | *duxavъ | *duxaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *duxaxъ | *duxa | *duxa | *duxajǫ | *duxaješi | *duxajetь |
| Dual | *duxaxově | *duxasta | *duxaste | *duxajevě | *duxajeta | *duxajete |
| Plural | *duxaxomъ | *duxaste | *duxašę | *duxajemъ | *duxajete | *duxajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *duxaaxъ | *duxaaše | *duxaaše | — | *duxaji | *duxaji |
| Dual | *duxaaxově | *duxaašeta | *duxaašete | *duxajivě | *duxajita | — |
| Plural | *duxaaxomъ | *duxaašete | *duxaaxǫ | *duxajimъ | *duxajite | — |
Derived terms
- *produxati (“to blow away”)
- *jьzduxati (“to blow off”)
- *poduxati (“to blow up, to puff”)
- *zaduxati (“to blow intensively”)
- *orzduxati (“to blow out”)
- *duxačь (“blower (agent)”)
- *duxadlo (“blower (tool)”)
- *duxatъ (“witty”)
- *duxa (“life, motion (of gases)”)
- *duša (“soul”)
Related terms
- *duti, *dǫti (“to blow, to swell”)
- *dьmuxati (“to blow”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: духати (duxati)
- Ukrainian: ду́хати (dúxaty) (dialectal)
- Old East Slavic: духати (duxati)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: доухати (duxati)
- Bulgarian: ду́хам (dúham)
- Macedonian: дува (duva)
- Serbo-Croatian: ду́хати
- Slovene: dúhati
- West Slavic:
- Czech: douchati
- Polish: duchać
- Slovak: dúchat'
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*duxati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 151
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “духам, духвам, духна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 450
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “dȗh”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “sekundarno *duxa̋ti”