< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dorgъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dargás (whence Latvian dārgs, Latgalian duorgs, Old Prussian Darge, Dargel (personal name)), of unclear origin:
- Berneker, Mladenov: Possibly related to Lithuanian derėti (“to suit, to fit”), Latvian derêt (“to comply”) from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, to slice”) or *dʰer- (“to perform, to make”). Suffix *-gъ perhaps the same as in Proto-Slavic *bolgъ (“gentle, noble”) - *boľьjь (“greater, better”), *dьlgъ (“long”) - *dьľьjь (“longer”).
- Trubachev (ESSJa): From the same root as Proto-Slavic *dьržati (“to hold”) from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to sustain, to hold”), with original meaning “dearly held, adorn”.
Adjective
*dȏrgъ[1][2][3]
- dear, expensive
- dear, darling, beloved, precious
Declension
Indefinite declension of *dorgъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dorgъ | *dorga | *dorgo |
| Accusative | *dorgъ | *dorgǫ | *dorgo |
| Genitive | *dorga | *dorgy | *dorga |
| Locative | *dordzě | *dordzě | *dordzě |
| Dative | *dorgu | *dordzě | *dorgu |
| Instrumental | *dorgomь | *dorgojǫ | *dorgomь |
| Vocative | *dorže | *dorgo | *dorgo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dorga | *dordzě | *dordzě |
| Accusative | *dorga | *dordzě | *dordzě |
| Genitive | *dorgu | *dorgu | *dorgu |
| Locative | *dorgu | *dorgu | *dorgu |
| Dative | *dorgoma | *dorgama | *dorgoma |
| Instrumental | *dorgoma | *dorgama | *dorgoma |
| Vocative | *dorga | *dordzě | *dordzě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dordzi | *dorgy | *dorga |
| Accusative | *dorgy | *dorgy | *dorga |
| Genitive | *dorgъ | *dorgъ | *dorgъ |
| Locative | *dordzěxъ | *dorgaxъ | *dordzěxъ |
| Dative | *dorgomъ | *dorgamъ | *dorgomъ |
| Instrumental | *dorgy | *dorgami | *dorgy |
| Vocative | *dordzi | *dorgy | *dorga |
Definite declension of *dorgъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *dorgъjь | *dorgaja | *dorgoje |
| Accusative | *dorgъjь | *dorgǫjǫ | *dorgoje |
| Genitive | *dorgajego | *dorgyję | *dorgajego |
| Locative | *dordzějemь | *dordzěji | *dordzějemь |
| Dative | *dorgujemu | *dordzěji | *dorgujemu |
| Instrumental | *dorgyjimi | *dorgǫjǫ | *dorgyjimi |
| Vocative | *dorgъjь | *dorgaja | *dorgoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dorgaja | *dordzěji | *dordzěji |
| Accusative | *dorgaja | *dordzěji | *dordzěji |
| Genitive | *dorguju | *dorguju | *dorguju |
| Locative | *dorguju | *dorguju | *dorguju |
| Dative | *dorgyjima | *dorgyjima | *dorgyjima |
| Instrumental | *dorgyjima | *dorgyjima | *dorgyjima |
| Vocative | *dorgaja | *dordzěji | *dordzěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *dordziji | *dorgyję | *dorgaja |
| Accusative | *dorgyję | *dorgyję | *dorgaja |
| Genitive | *dorgъjixъ | *dorgъjixъ | *dorgъjixъ |
| Locative | *dorgyjixъ | *dorgyjixъ | *dorgyjixъ |
| Dative | *dorgyjimъ | *dorgyjimъ | *dorgyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *dorgyjimi | *dorgyjimi | *dorgyjimi |
| Vocative | *dordziji | *dorgyję | *dorgaja |
Derived terms
- *Dorgojь, *Dorganъ, *Dorženь, *Dorgoměrъ (personal names)
- *doržiti (“to hold dear, to esteem, to value”)
- *doržьba (“evalution, appraisal”)
- *doržьcь m, *doržica f (“darling, dear one”)
- *dorgovati (“to be in relationship, to consort”)
- *dorgy, *dorgyni (“adoreness”)
- *dorgъvizna (“dearness”)
- *dorgostь, *dorgota (“dearness, gladness”)
- *dorgocěnьnъ (“highly valued”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: дарагі́ (darahí)
- Russian: дорого́й (dorogój)
- Ukrainian: дороги́й (dorohýj)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: драгъ (dragŭ)
- → Russian: драго́й (dragój)
- → Romanian: drag
- → Hungarian: drága
- Bulgarian: драг (drag)
- Macedonian: драг (drag)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: дра̑г
- Latin: drȃg
- Slovene: drȃg (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic: драгъ (dragŭ)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: drahý
- Czech: drahý
- Polish: drogi
- Slovak: drahý
- Slovincian: drɵђḯ
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: drogi
- Upper Sorbian: drohi
- Old Czech: drahý
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “дорого́й”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dorgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 77
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “драг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 417
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*dȏrgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 113: “adj. o (c) ‘dear’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “dorgъ dorga dorgo”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c dyr, kær (SA 109; PR 138)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “drag”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *dȏrgъ”