< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bъdrъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *budras,from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰros, from *bʰewdʰ-.Morphologically *bъd- + *-rъ.
Cognate withLithuanian budrùs (“vigilant”),Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬌𐬠𐬎𐬛𐬭𐬀 (zaēnibudra)
Adjective
*bъ̀drъ[1][2]
- alert, cheerful
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *bъdrъ | *bъdra | *bъdro |
| Accusative | *bъdrъ | *bъdrǫ | *bъdro |
| Genitive | *bъdra | *bъdry | *bъdra |
| Locative | *bъdrě | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| Dative | *bъdru | *bъdrě | *bъdru |
| Instrumental | *bъdromь | *bъdrojǫ | *bъdromь |
| Vocative | *bъdre | *bъdro | *bъdro |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *bъdra | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| Accusative | *bъdra | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| Genitive | *bъdru | *bъdru | *bъdru |
| Locative | *bъdru | *bъdru | *bъdru |
| Dative | *bъdroma | *bъdrama | *bъdroma |
| Instrumental | *bъdroma | *bъdrama | *bъdroma |
| Vocative | *bъdra | *bъdrě | *bъdrě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *bъdri | *bъdry | *bъdra |
| Accusative | *bъdry | *bъdry | *bъdra |
| Genitive | *bъdrъ | *bъdrъ | *bъdrъ |
| Locative | *bъdrěxъ | *bъdraxъ | *bъdrěxъ |
| Dative | *bъdromъ | *bъdramъ | *bъdromъ |
| Instrumental | *bъdry | *bъdrami | *bъdry |
| Vocative | *bъdri | *bъdry | *bъdra |
Definite declension of *bъdrъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *bъdrъjь | *bъdraja | *bъdroje |
| Accusative | *bъdrъjь | *bъdrǫjǫ | *bъdroje |
| Genitive | *bъdrajego | *bъdryję | *bъdrajego |
| Locative | *bъdrějemь | *bъdrěji | *bъdrějemь |
| Dative | *bъdrujemu | *bъdrěji | *bъdrujemu |
| Instrumental | *bъdryjimi | *bъdrǫjǫ | *bъdryjimi |
| Vocative | *bъdrъjь | *bъdraja | *bъdroje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *bъdraja | *bъdrěji | *bъdrěji |
| Accusative | *bъdraja | *bъdrěji | *bъdrěji |
| Genitive | *bъdruju | *bъdruju | *bъdruju |
| Locative | *bъdruju | *bъdruju | *bъdruju |
| Dative | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima |
| Instrumental | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima | *bъdryjima |
| Vocative | *bъdraja | *bъdrěji | *bъdrěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *bъdriji | *bъdryję | *bъdraja |
| Accusative | *bъdryję | *bъdryję | *bъdraja |
| Genitive | *bъdrъjixъ | *bъdrъjixъ | *bъdrъjixъ |
| Locative | *bъdryjixъ | *bъdryjixъ | *bъdryjixъ |
| Dative | *bъdryjimъ | *bъdryjimъ | *bъdryjimъ |
| Instrumental | *bъdryjimi | *bъdryjimi | *bъdryjimi |
| Vocative | *bъdriji | *bъdryję | *bъdraja |
Alternative forms
- *bъ̀dřь
Derived terms
- *bъdriti
- *bъdrostь, *bъdrota
- *bъdry
Related terms
- *bľusti (“to watch”)
- *buditi (“to awaken, arouse”)
- *bъděti (“to be awake”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бъдръ (bŭdrŭ)
- Belarusian: бадзёры (badzjóry)
- → Ukrainian: бадьо́рий (badʹóryj)
- Russian: бо́дрый (bódryj)
- → Bulgarian: бо́дър (bódǎr)
- → Czech: bodrý
- → Slovak: bodrý
- → Macedonian: бодар (bodar)
- → Serbo-Croatian: бо̏дар, bȍdar
- → Slovene: bọ́der (tonal orthography)
- Old Ukrainian: бодрий (bodrij)
- Ukrainian: бо́дрий (bódryj)
- Belarusian: бадзёры (badzjóry)
- Old East Slavic: бъдръ (bŭdrŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: бъдръ (bŭdrŭ), бъждрь (bŭždrĭ)
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бодрый”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “бодрый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 100
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bъdrъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 111
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “бодрый”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bъ̀drъ; *bъ̀dŗь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 69: “adj. o; adj. jo (b) ‘alert, cheerful’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “bъdrъ bъdra bъdro”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 21, 108, 110f.; PR 136)”