< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/borti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bárˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH-.
Verb
*bòrti[1][2]
- to fight (transitive)
- (reflexive) to struggle (reflexive)
Inflection
Conjugation of *borti, *bor, *bořetь (impf., -C/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *bortьje | *borti | *bortъ | *borlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *bortъ | *bořemъ |
| Active | *borvъ | *bořę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *borxъ | *bor | *bor | *bořǫ | *bořeši | *bořetь |
| Dual | *borxově | *borsta | *borste | *bořevě | *bořeta | *bořete |
| Plural | *borxomъ | *borste | *boršę | *bořemъ | *bořete | *bořǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *bořaaxъ | *bořaaše | *bořaaše | — | *boři | *boři |
| Dual | *bořaaxově | *bořaašeta | *bořaašete | *bořivě | *bořita | — |
| Plural | *bořaaxomъ | *bořaašete | *bořaaxǫ | *bořimъ | *bořite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*borjenъ is doublet of past passive participle
Derived terms
- *bȏrnь (“resistance, battle”)
- *borьcь (“fighter, wrestler”)
- *bořakъ (“winner of a fight”)
- *borьba (“clash, fight”)
- *boriti (“to wrestle, to fight”)
- *boraviti (“to utilize”) (possibly)
- *barati (“to seek, to examine”) (possibly)
- *bornìti (“to defend, to protect”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бороти (boroti)
- ⇒ Russian: боро́ться (borótʹsja)
- Ukrainian: боро́ти (boróty), боро́тися (borótysja)
- Old East Slavic: бороти (boroti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: брати (brati)
- Bulgarian: бо́ря (bórja)
- Serbo-Croatian: bòriti/бо̀рити
- Slovene: borīti
- West Slavic:
- Polish: bróć
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: wobróćso
- Lower Sorbian: wobrojś
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бороться”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*borti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 213
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “боря се”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 69
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bòrti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 57: “v. (b)”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “borti: borjǫ borjetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 203, 248f., 251; PR 136)”