< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/blizъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ-. It is uncertain whether the original meaning was:
- “discernible, obvious” from proto-meaning “to shine” as in Proto-Germanic *blaikaz (“bleak, pale”);
- “striking” from proto-meaning “to strike, to afflict” as in Lithuanian bláižyti (“to tear off, to scar”), Latvian bliêzt (“to beat”), and Latin flīgō (“to strike”).
Adjective
*blizъ[1][2]
- near, proximate
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *blizъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *blizъ | *bliza | *blizo |
| Accusative | *blizъ | *blizǫ | *blizo |
| Genitive | *bliza | *blizy | *bliza |
| Locative | *blizě | *blizě | *blizě |
| Dative | *blizu | *blizě | *blizu |
| Instrumental | *blizomь | *blizojǫ | *blizomь |
| Vocative | *blize | *blizo | *blizo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *bliza | *blizě | *blizě |
| Accusative | *bliza | *blizě | *blizě |
| Genitive | *blizu | *blizu | *blizu |
| Locative | *blizu | *blizu | *blizu |
| Dative | *blizoma | *blizama | *blizoma |
| Instrumental | *blizoma | *blizama | *blizoma |
| Vocative | *bliza | *blizě | *blizě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *blizi | *blizy | *bliza |
| Accusative | *blizy | *blizy | *bliza |
| Genitive | *blizъ | *blizъ | *blizъ |
| Locative | *blizěxъ | *blizaxъ | *blizěxъ |
| Dative | *blizomъ | *blizamъ | *blizomъ |
| Instrumental | *blizy | *blizami | *blizy |
| Vocative | *blizi | *blizy | *bliza |
Definite declension of *blizъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *blizъjь | *blizaja | *blizoje |
| Accusative | *blizъjь | *blizǫjǫ | *blizoje |
| Genitive | *blizajego | *blizyję | *blizajego |
| Locative | *blizějemь | *blizěji | *blizějemь |
| Dative | *blizujemu | *blizěji | *blizujemu |
| Instrumental | *blizyjimi | *blizǫjǫ | *blizyjimi |
| Vocative | *blizъjь | *blizaja | *blizoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *blizaja | *blizěji | *blizěji |
| Accusative | *blizaja | *blizěji | *blizěji |
| Genitive | *blizuju | *blizuju | *blizuju |
| Locative | *blizuju | *blizuju | *blizuju |
| Dative | *blizyjima | *blizyjima | *blizyjima |
| Instrumental | *blizyjima | *blizyjima | *blizyjima |
| Vocative | *blizaja | *blizěji | *blizěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *bliziji | *blizyję | *blizaja |
| Accusative | *blizyję | *blizyję | *blizaja |
| Genitive | *blizъjixъ | *blizъjixъ | *blizъjixъ |
| Locative | *blizyjixъ | *blizyjixъ | *blizyjixъ |
| Dative | *blizyjimъ | *blizyjimъ | *blizyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *blizyjimi | *blizyjimi | *blizyjimi |
| Vocative | *bliziji | *blizyję | *blizaja |
Derived terms
- *bližati (“to neighbor”)
- *bližěnьje (“proximation, neighboring”)
- *bliziti (“to get closer”)
- *blizьnьcь (“twin”)
- *blizъkъ (“near, close”)
- *bližьnъ (“fellow, dear”)
- *bližina, *blizina (“vicinity”)
- *blizostь (“proximity, closeness”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic:
- Russian: близ (bliz), бли́зый (blízyj) (dialectal)
- Ukrainian: близ (blyz)
- Old East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: близъ (blizŭ)
- Unspecified:
- Bulgarian: бли́зо (blízo) (adverb)
- Macedonian: близу (blizu) (adverb)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: бли̑з
- Latin: blȋz
- Slovene: blìz
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: bliz
- Czech: blizý
- Old Polish: blizi
- Polish: blizo (dialectal)
- Old Czech: bliz
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*blizъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 121
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “близ”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*blizъ I; *blizъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 45: “adj. o ‘near, close’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “blizъ -a -o”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 105f., 188); a/b (PR 133)”