Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/aga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*aga (sense 1)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ṓˀgāˀ, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ógeh₂. Possible cognates include Proto-Celtic *agrinyos (“sloe, small plum, berry”), Tocharian B oko (“fruit”), Proto-Germanic *akraną (“fruit”).

Evidenced by derived term(s) only.

Noun

*àga f[1][2]

berry, small fruit
1. → (figuratively) cheek

Inflection

Declension of *aga (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*aga	*adzě	*agy
Accusative	*agǫ	*adzě	*agy
Genitive	*agy	*agu	*agъ
Locative	*adzě	*agu	agasъ, agaxъ^*
Dative	*adzě	*agama	*agamъ
Instrumental	agojǫ, agǫ^**	*agama	*agami
Vocative	*ago	*adzě	*agy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

nouns

*àgoda f (“berry; cheek”)
*vīňàga f (“grape”, uncertain)

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*agoda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 57
Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “agoda”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: National Ossoliński Institute, page 152

Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2012), “ягода”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 6 (У – Я), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ягода”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 773
Derksen, Rick (2015), “uoga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 480

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*agoda”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 57

[2] Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “agoda”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: National Ossoliński Institute, page 152