Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ablъko

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*àblъko

Etymology

From *ablo (“apple”) +‎ *-ъko.

Noun

*àblъko n[1][2][3]

(originally) Diminutive of *ablo (“apple”)
apple

Declension

Declension of *àblъko (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*àblъko	*àblъcě	*àblъka
Accusative	*àblъko	*àblъcě	*àblъka
Genitive	*àblъka	*àblъku	*àblъkъ
Locative	*àblъcě	*àblъku	*àblъcě̄xъ
Dative	*àblъku	*àblъkoma	*àblъkomъ
Instrumental	àblъkъmь, àblъkomь^*	*àblъkoma	*àblъkȳ
Vocative	*àblъko	*àblъcě	*àblъka

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

nouns

*ablonica f (“apple tree”)
*ablonišče n (“apple orchard”)
*ablonьje n (“apple trees”)
*abloňa f (“apple tree”)
*ablušьko n (diminutive)
*ablъ m (“apple”)
*ablъka f (“apple”)
*ablъkъ m (“apple”)
*abolnica f (“apple tree”)
*abolnišče n (“apple orchard”)
*abolnъ m (“some tree”)

adjectives

*ablonevъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablonьjь (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablonьnъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablonovъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablъčьnъ (“pertaining to apples”)
*ablъkovъ (“pertaining to apples”)
*abolnьnъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*abolnovъ (“pertaining to some tree”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ꙗблъко (jablŭko)
  - Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́блоко (jábloko), ꙗ́блуко (jábluko), ꙗ́блыко (jáblyko), ꙗ́блеко (jábleko)
    - Rusyn: я́блоко (jábloko), я́бко (jábko)
    - Ukrainian: я́блуко (jábluko); я́блоко (jábloko), а́бко (ábko), я́блеко (jábleko) (dialectal)
  - Russian: я́блоко (jábloko) (see there for further descendants)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic: аблъко (ablŭko)
  Glagolitic: ⰰⰱⰾⱏⰽⱁ (ablŭko)
  - Church Slavonic: ꙗблъко (jablŭko) (Serbian recension)
  - → Old East Slavic: аблъко (ablŭko)
    - Old Ruthenian: а́блуко (ábluko)
- Bulgarian: а́блъко (áblǎko), я́блъко (jáblǎko) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: ја́болко (jábolko)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: јабуко
  Latin: jabuko
- Slovene: jábołko (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jablko
  - Czech: jablko
- Kashubian: jabkò, jabłkò
- Polabian: jobťü
- Old Polish: jabłko, jebłko
  - Polish: jabłko
  - → Old Ruthenian: ꙗ́блко (jáblko)
- Slovak: jablko
- Slovincian: jȧ̃pkɵ
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: jabłuko
  - Upper Sorbian: jabłuko

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*àblъko; *àblъka; *àblъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*ablъko”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 44
Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1974), “ablъko”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 1 (a – bьzděti), Wrocław: National Ossoliński Institute, page 146