Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ablъka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*àblъka

Etymology

Originally the plural of *ablъko.

Noun

*àblъka f[1][2]

(South Slavic) apple

Inflection

Declension of *àblъka (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*àblъka	*àblъcě	*àblъky
Accusative	*àblъkǫ	*àblъcě	*àblъky
Genitive	*àblъky	*àblъku	*àblъkъ
Locative	*àblъcě	*àblъku	àblъkasъ, àblъkaxъ^*
Dative	*àblъcě	*àblъkama	*àblъkamъ
Instrumental	àblъkojǫ, àblъkǭ^**	*àblъkama	*àblъkamī
Vocative	*àblъko	*àblъcě	*àblъky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

nouns

*ablo n (“apple”)
*ablonica f (“apple tree”)
*ablonišče n (“apple orchard”)
*ablonь f (“apple tree”)
*ablonьje n (“apple trees”)
*abloňa f (“apple tree”)
*ablušьko n (diminutive)
*ablъ m (“apple”)
*ablъkъ m (“apple”)
*abolnica f (“apple tree”)
*abolnišče n (“apple orchard”)
*abolnъ m (“some tree”)

adjectives

*ablonevъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablonьjь (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablonьnъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablonovъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*ablъčьnъ (“pertaining to apples”)
*ablъkovъ (“pertaining to apples”)
*abolnьnъ (“pertaining to apple trees”)
*abolnovъ (“pertaining to some tree”)

Descendants

South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: я́бълка (jábǎlka), а́бълка (ábǎlka); бъ́лка (bǎ́lka), йа́бока (jáboka), йа́бука (jábuka) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: јаболка (jabolka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ја̏бука
  Latin: jȁbuka
- Slovene: jábolka (tonal orthography)

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*ablъka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 44
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*àblъko; *àblъka; *àblъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25

[1] Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1974), “*ablъka”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1 (*a – *besědьlivъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 44

[2] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*àblъko; *àblъka; *àblъkъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 25