Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-hjwəj-t

< Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/s-hjwəj-t

This Proto-Sino-Tibetan entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Sino-Tibetan

Etymology

• Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *shwiʔ (Coblin, 1986)
  • Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *s-hywəy-t (Matisoff, STEDT); *s-hwiy (Benedict, 1972); *(s-)h(y)wə[ː]y  (French, 1983); *s-hwiy(*B) (Coblin, 1986)

This word now means "marrow" in some Tibeto-Burman languages. Chinese 髓 (suĭ < OC *s-lojʔ, "marrow") has also been (possibly incorrectly) assigned as a reflex of this root.

Noun

*s-hjwəj-t

1. blood

Descendants

• Old Chinese: 血 (*qʰʷiːg (ZS), *m̥ˁik (B-S), “blood”)
  • Middle Chinese: 血 /hwet/
    • Modern Mandarin
      • Beijing: 血 ("blood") (literary: xuè, /ɕɥ̯œ⁵¹/; colloquial: xiě, /ɕi̯ɛ²¹³/)
• Himalayish
  • Tibeto-Kanauri
    • Bodic
      • Tibetan
        • Written Tibetan: ཡི་དམ (yi dam, “vow, oath, promise”), ཡིད (yid, “soul, mind”)
    • Lepcha: ᰟᰧ (vi, “blood”)
  • Newar
    • Newar (Dolakhali): हि (hi, “blood”)
    • Newar (Kathmandu): हि (hi, “blood”)
  • Mahakiranti
    • Kiranti
      • Eastern Kiranti = Rai
        • Limbu: ᤔᤠ᤺ᤰᤜᤡ (mākhi, “blood”)
• Tangut-Qiang
  • Northern Tangut
    • Tangut: 𗊴 (sjij, /*sʲɪj⁵⁵/, “blood”)
• Lolo-Burmese-Naxi
  • Lolo-Burmese
    • Burmish
      • Burmese: သွေး (swe:, “blood, disposition, spirit”)
    • Loloish

      /*swe²/ (Bradley, 1979; Weidert, 1987)

      • Northern Loloish
        • Yi (Liangshan): ꌦ (sy, “blood”)
• Karen: *swiᴮ (Luangthongkum, 2013)
  • Sgaw: သွံၣ် (swì, “blood”)

See also

• *krak (“blood”)