< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʔ-b-y
 | This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Etymology
Borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *h₃yébʰeti (“to copulate, to fuck”). Compare Sanskrit यभति (yábhati), Ancient Greek οἴφω (oíphō), Proto-Slavic *jebàti, whence Russian еба́ть (jebátʹ), Ukrainian їба́ти (jibáty), Polish jebać.
Verb
*ʔabay-
- to desire, to want
Conjugation
Conjugation of Proto-Semitic/ʔ-b-y
| verbal noun | *ʔibāʔ- | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| active participle | *ʔābiy- | ||||||||||||
| passive participle | *ʔabīy-, *ʔabūy- | ||||||||||||
| singular | dual | plural | |||||||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||||
| perfect | m | *ʔabayku | *ʔabayka | *ʔabaya | *ʔabaykayā | *ʔabaykā | *ʔabayā | *ʔabayna | *ʔabaykanu | *ʔabayū | |||
| f | *ʔabayki | *ʔabayat | *ʔabayatā | *ʔabaykina | *ʔabayā | ||||||||
| imperfect | m | *ʔābī | *taʔbī | *yiʔbī | *taʔbiyā | *yaʔbiyā | *niʔbī | *taʔbī | *yiʔbiyū | ||||
| f | *taʔbī | *taʔbī | *taʔbiyā | *taʔbiyā | *yiʔbiyā | ||||||||
| imperative | m | *ʔabī | *ʔabiyā | *ʔabiyū | |||||||||
| f | *ʔabī | *ʔabiyā | |||||||||||
Descendants
- East Semitic:
- ⇒ Akkadian: 𒁍𒀪𒄿𒌈 (bu-ʾ-i-tum /buʾītu/, “a thing wished, willed, desired”)
- West Semitic:
- Central Semitic:
- Arabic: أَبَى (ʾabā, “to will; to demand; to have aversion for; to reject, to refuse”)
- Northwest Semitic:
- Canaanite:
- Hebrew: אָבָה (ava, ʾāḇā, “to be willing”)
- Canaanite:
- Ethiopian Semitic:
- North Ethiopian Semitic:
- Ge'ez: አበየ (ʾäbäyä, “to refuse, to be unwilling, to disobey”), አብየ (ʾäbyä)
- Tigre: አባ (ʾäba, “to refuse, not to want; to hate”)
- Tigrinya: አበየ (ʾäbäyä, “to refuse”)
- South Ethiopian Semitic:
- Amharic: ኣበየ (ʾabbäyä, “to disobey; to revolt”)
- Gurage: ኤበ (ebbä, “to refuse; to disobey”)
- North Ethiopian Semitic:
- → Egyptian: ꜣbj (“to desire, to want”)
- Central Semitic:
References
- Blažek, Václav (2011) Indo-European laryngeals in Afroasiatic perspective, Brno: Masaryk University, page 5
- Blažek, Václav (2012), “Indo-European laryngeals in the light of Afroasiatic”, in The Sound of Indo-European: Phonetics, Phonemics and Morphophonemics, →ISBN